3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing
ABSTRACT Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) is an environmental bacterium that causes infections with high morbidity and mortality. Notably, infections caused by multidrug-resistant S. marcescens have become a global public health issue. Therefore, the discovery of promising compounds to reduce the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01829-22 |
| _version_ | 1828310824860516352 |
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| author | Lujun Yin Ping-Ping Zhang Wei Wang Shi Tang Shi-Ming Deng Ai-Qun Jia |
| author_facet | Lujun Yin Ping-Ping Zhang Wei Wang Shi Tang Shi-Ming Deng Ai-Qun Jia |
| author_sort | Lujun Yin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) is an environmental bacterium that causes infections with high morbidity and mortality. Notably, infections caused by multidrug-resistant S. marcescens have become a global public health issue. Therefore, the discovery of promising compounds to reduce the virulence of pathogens and restore antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria is critical. Quorum sensing (QS) regulates virulence factors and biofilm formation of microorganisms to increase their pathogenicity and is, therefore, an important factor in the formation of multidrug resistance. In this study, we found that 3-phenylpropan-1-amine (3-PPA) inhibited S. marcescens NJ01 biofilm formation and virulence factors, including prodigiosin, protease, lipase, hemolysin, and swimming. The combination of 3-PPA (50.0 μg/mL) and ofloxacin (0.2 μg/mL) enhanced S. marcescens NJ01 sensitivity to ofloxacin. Based on crystalline violet staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), 3-PPA (50.0 μg/mL) reduced S. marcescens NJ01 biofilm formation by 48%. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that 3-PPA regulated the expression of virulence- and biofilm-related genes fimA, fimC, bsmB, pigP, flhC, flhD, and sodB. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) indicated that 3-PPA affected intracellular metabolites of S. marcescens NJ01, leading to reduce metabolic activity. These results suggested that 3-PPA inhibits the pathogenicity of S. marcescens NJ01 by occluding QS. Thus, 3-PPA is feasible as an ofloxacin adjuvant to overcome multidrug-resistant S. marcescens and improve the treatment of intractable infections. IMPORTANCE Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major threat to global public health, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Bacterial virulence factors and biofilms, which are regulated by quorum sensing (QS), are the primary causes of multidrug resistance. In this study, 3-PPA reduced virulence factors and eliminated biofilm formation by inhibiting QS in S. marcescens NJ01 bacteria, without affecting bacterial growth, thus restoring sensitivity to ofloxacin. Thus, the discovery of compounds that can restore antibiotic activity against bacteria is a promising strategy to mitigate multidrug resistance in pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:49:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37a98427e1f244c5a8d53bb59093efc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:49:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-37a98427e1f244c5a8d53bb59093efc42022-12-22T02:40:53ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972022-10-0110510.1128/spectrum.01829-223-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum SensingLujun Yin0Ping-Ping Zhang1Wei Wang2Shi Tang3Shi-Ming Deng4Ai-Qun Jia5Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaABSTRACT Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) is an environmental bacterium that causes infections with high morbidity and mortality. Notably, infections caused by multidrug-resistant S. marcescens have become a global public health issue. Therefore, the discovery of promising compounds to reduce the virulence of pathogens and restore antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria is critical. Quorum sensing (QS) regulates virulence factors and biofilm formation of microorganisms to increase their pathogenicity and is, therefore, an important factor in the formation of multidrug resistance. In this study, we found that 3-phenylpropan-1-amine (3-PPA) inhibited S. marcescens NJ01 biofilm formation and virulence factors, including prodigiosin, protease, lipase, hemolysin, and swimming. The combination of 3-PPA (50.0 μg/mL) and ofloxacin (0.2 μg/mL) enhanced S. marcescens NJ01 sensitivity to ofloxacin. Based on crystalline violet staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), 3-PPA (50.0 μg/mL) reduced S. marcescens NJ01 biofilm formation by 48%. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that 3-PPA regulated the expression of virulence- and biofilm-related genes fimA, fimC, bsmB, pigP, flhC, flhD, and sodB. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) indicated that 3-PPA affected intracellular metabolites of S. marcescens NJ01, leading to reduce metabolic activity. These results suggested that 3-PPA inhibits the pathogenicity of S. marcescens NJ01 by occluding QS. Thus, 3-PPA is feasible as an ofloxacin adjuvant to overcome multidrug-resistant S. marcescens and improve the treatment of intractable infections. IMPORTANCE Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major threat to global public health, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Bacterial virulence factors and biofilms, which are regulated by quorum sensing (QS), are the primary causes of multidrug resistance. In this study, 3-PPA reduced virulence factors and eliminated biofilm formation by inhibiting QS in S. marcescens NJ01 bacteria, without affecting bacterial growth, thus restoring sensitivity to ofloxacin. Thus, the discovery of compounds that can restore antibiotic activity against bacteria is a promising strategy to mitigate multidrug resistance in pathogens.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01829-223-phenylpropan-1-amineSerratia marcescensquorum sensingvirulence factorsbiofilmsofloxacin |
| spellingShingle | Lujun Yin Ping-Ping Zhang Wei Wang Shi Tang Shi-Ming Deng Ai-Qun Jia 3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing Microbiology Spectrum 3-phenylpropan-1-amine Serratia marcescens quorum sensing virulence factors biofilms ofloxacin |
| title | 3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing |
| title_full | 3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing |
| title_fullStr | 3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing |
| title_full_unstemmed | 3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing |
| title_short | 3-Phenylpropan-1-Amine Enhanced Susceptibility of Serratia marcescens to Ofloxacin by Occluding Quorum Sensing |
| title_sort | 3 phenylpropan 1 amine enhanced susceptibility of serratia marcescens to ofloxacin by occluding quorum sensing |
| topic | 3-phenylpropan-1-amine Serratia marcescens quorum sensing virulence factors biofilms ofloxacin |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01829-22 |
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