ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1
<p>This study provides an overview of the fundamental statistics and features of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the historical simulations of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 (TaiESM1). Compared with observations, TaiESM1 can reproduce the fundamental features of observed EN...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4599/2023/gmd-16-4599-2023.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797745103706521600 |
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| author | Y.-C. Wang W.-L. Tseng Y.-L. Chen S.-Y. Lee H.-H. Hsu H.-C. Liang |
| author_facet | Y.-C. Wang W.-L. Tseng Y.-L. Chen S.-Y. Lee H.-H. Hsu H.-C. Liang |
| author_sort | Y.-C. Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>This study provides an overview of the fundamental
statistics and features of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in
the historical simulations of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1
(TaiESM1). Compared with observations, TaiESM1 can reproduce the fundamental
features of observed ENSO signals, including seasonal phasing, thermocline
coupling with winds, and atmospheric teleconnection during El Niño
events. However, its ENSO response is approximately 2 times stronger than
observed in the spectrum, resulting in powerful teleconnection
signals. The composite of El Niño events shows a strong westerly anomaly
extending fast to the eastern Pacific in the initial stage in March, April, and
May, initiating a warm sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) there. This
warm SSTA is maintained through September, October, and November (SON) and
gradually diminishes after peaking in December. Analysis of wind stress–SST
and heat flux–SST coupling indicates that biased positive SST–shortwave
feedback significantly contributes to the strong warm anomaly over the
eastern Pacific, especially in SON. Our analysis demonstrates TaiESM1's
capability to simulate ENSO – a significant tropical climate variation on
interannual scales with strong global impacts – and provides insights into
mechanisms in TaiESM1 related to ENSO biases, laying the foundation for
future model development to reduce uncertainties in TaiESM1 and climate
models in general.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:18:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37b616825cf3407dacc228bb8361697c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:18:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-37b616825cf3407dacc228bb8361697c2023-08-11T07:01:20ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032023-08-01164599461610.5194/gmd-16-4599-2023ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1Y.-C. Wang0W.-L. Tseng1Y.-L. Chen2S.-Y. Lee3H.-H. Hsu4H.-C. Liang5Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanInternational Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanResearch Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanResearch Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanResearch Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanResearch Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan<p>This study provides an overview of the fundamental statistics and features of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the historical simulations of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 (TaiESM1). Compared with observations, TaiESM1 can reproduce the fundamental features of observed ENSO signals, including seasonal phasing, thermocline coupling with winds, and atmospheric teleconnection during El Niño events. However, its ENSO response is approximately 2 times stronger than observed in the spectrum, resulting in powerful teleconnection signals. The composite of El Niño events shows a strong westerly anomaly extending fast to the eastern Pacific in the initial stage in March, April, and May, initiating a warm sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) there. This warm SSTA is maintained through September, October, and November (SON) and gradually diminishes after peaking in December. Analysis of wind stress–SST and heat flux–SST coupling indicates that biased positive SST–shortwave feedback significantly contributes to the strong warm anomaly over the eastern Pacific, especially in SON. Our analysis demonstrates TaiESM1's capability to simulate ENSO – a significant tropical climate variation on interannual scales with strong global impacts – and provides insights into mechanisms in TaiESM1 related to ENSO biases, laying the foundation for future model development to reduce uncertainties in TaiESM1 and climate models in general.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4599/2023/gmd-16-4599-2023.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Y.-C. Wang W.-L. Tseng Y.-L. Chen S.-Y. Lee H.-H. Hsu H.-C. Liang ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 |
| title_full | ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 |
| title_fullStr | ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 |
| title_short | ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 |
| title_sort | enso statistics teleconnections and atmosphere ocean coupling in the taiwan earth system model version 1 |
| url | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/16/4599/2023/gmd-16-4599-2023.pdf |
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