CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy
Chemokines and their receptors participate in many biological processes, including the modulation of neuroimmune interactions. Approximately fifty chemokines are distinguished in humans, which are classified into four subfamilies based on the N-terminal conserved cysteine motifs: CXC, CC, C, and CX3...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15638 |
| _version_ | 1797457314746204160 |
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| author | Joanna Bogacka Katarzyna Pawlik Katarzyna Ciapała Agata Ciechanowska Joanna Mika |
| author_facet | Joanna Bogacka Katarzyna Pawlik Katarzyna Ciapała Agata Ciechanowska Joanna Mika |
| author_sort | Joanna Bogacka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemokines and their receptors participate in many biological processes, including the modulation of neuroimmune interactions. Approximately fifty chemokines are distinguished in humans, which are classified into four subfamilies based on the N-terminal conserved cysteine motifs: CXC, CC, C, and CX3C. Chemokines activate specific receptors localized on the surface of various immune and nervous cells. Approximately twenty chemokine receptors have been identified, and each of these receptors is a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor. Recent studies provide new evidence that CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is important in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, asthma, dermatitis, and cancer. This review briefly characterizes CCR4 and its ligands (CCL17, CCL22, and CCL2), and their contributions to immunological and neoplastic diseases. The review notes a significant role of CCR4 in nociceptive transmission, especially in painful neuropathy, which accompanies many diseases. The pharmacological blockade of CCR4 seems beneficial because of its pain-relieving effects and its influence on opioid efficacy. The possibilities of using the CCL2/CCL17/CCL22/CCR4 axis as a target in new therapies for many diseases are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:19:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37c74435aa614a98bf4a20f48efe1752 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:19:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-37c74435aa614a98bf4a20f48efe17522023-11-24T15:25:07ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-12-0123241563810.3390/ijms232415638CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for TherapyJoanna Bogacka0Katarzyna Pawlik1Katarzyna Ciapała2Agata Ciechanowska3Joanna Mika4Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, PolandChemokines and their receptors participate in many biological processes, including the modulation of neuroimmune interactions. Approximately fifty chemokines are distinguished in humans, which are classified into four subfamilies based on the N-terminal conserved cysteine motifs: CXC, CC, C, and CX3C. Chemokines activate specific receptors localized on the surface of various immune and nervous cells. Approximately twenty chemokine receptors have been identified, and each of these receptors is a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor. Recent studies provide new evidence that CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is important in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, asthma, dermatitis, and cancer. This review briefly characterizes CCR4 and its ligands (CCL17, CCL22, and CCL2), and their contributions to immunological and neoplastic diseases. The review notes a significant role of CCR4 in nociceptive transmission, especially in painful neuropathy, which accompanies many diseases. The pharmacological blockade of CCR4 seems beneficial because of its pain-relieving effects and its influence on opioid efficacy. The possibilities of using the CCL2/CCL17/CCL22/CCR4 axis as a target in new therapies for many diseases are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15638CCR4CCL17CCL22CCL2chemokinesopioids |
| spellingShingle | Joanna Bogacka Katarzyna Pawlik Katarzyna Ciapała Agata Ciechanowska Joanna Mika CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy International Journal of Molecular Sciences CCR4 CCL17 CCL22 CCL2 chemokines opioids |
| title | CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy |
| title_full | CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy |
| title_fullStr | CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy |
| title_short | CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy |
| title_sort | cc chemokine receptor 4 ccr4 as a possible new target for therapy |
| topic | CCR4 CCL17 CCL22 CCL2 chemokines opioids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15638 |
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