Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
The relationship between depression and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is complicated. One of the most common neuropsychiatric comorbidities of hemorrhagic stroke is Post-ICH depression. Depression, as a neuropsychiatric symptom, also negatively impacts the outcome of ICH by enhancing morbidity, dis...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00682/full |
| _version_ | 1819120576792363008 |
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| author | Yinan Wu Liangliang Wang Kaimin Hu Chengcheng Yu Yuanhan Zhu Suzhan Zhang Anwen Shao |
| author_facet | Yinan Wu Liangliang Wang Kaimin Hu Chengcheng Yu Yuanhan Zhu Suzhan Zhang Anwen Shao |
| author_sort | Yinan Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The relationship between depression and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is complicated. One of the most common neuropsychiatric comorbidities of hemorrhagic stroke is Post-ICH depression. Depression, as a neuropsychiatric symptom, also negatively impacts the outcome of ICH by enhancing morbidity, disability, and mortality. However, the ICH outcome can be improved by antidepressants such as the frequently-used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This review therefore presents the mechanisms of post-ICH depression, we grouped the mechanisms according to inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), apoptosis and autophagy, and explained them through their several associated signaling pathways. Inflammation is mainly related to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the NF-kB mediated signal pathway, the PPAR-γ-dependent pathway, as well as other signaling pathways. OS is associated to nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), the PI3K/Akt pathway and the MAPK/P38 pathway. Moreover, autophagy is associated with the mTOR signaling cascade and the NF-kB mediated signal pathway, while apoptosis is correlated with the death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathway, mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, caspase-independent pathways and others. Furthermore, we found that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis experience interactions with one another. Additionally, it may provide several potential therapeutic targets for patients that might suffer from depression after ICH. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:22:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37ccfec5a3004c88a978398554362393 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:22:52Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-37ccfec5a3004c88a9783985543623932022-12-21T18:35:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402018-12-01910.3389/fpsyt.2018.00682430842Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral HemorrhageYinan Wu0Liangliang Wang1Kaimin Hu2Chengcheng Yu3Yuanhan Zhu4Suzhan Zhang5Anwen Shao6Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaInterdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaThe relationship between depression and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is complicated. One of the most common neuropsychiatric comorbidities of hemorrhagic stroke is Post-ICH depression. Depression, as a neuropsychiatric symptom, also negatively impacts the outcome of ICH by enhancing morbidity, disability, and mortality. However, the ICH outcome can be improved by antidepressants such as the frequently-used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This review therefore presents the mechanisms of post-ICH depression, we grouped the mechanisms according to inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), apoptosis and autophagy, and explained them through their several associated signaling pathways. Inflammation is mainly related to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the NF-kB mediated signal pathway, the PPAR-γ-dependent pathway, as well as other signaling pathways. OS is associated to nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), the PI3K/Akt pathway and the MAPK/P38 pathway. Moreover, autophagy is associated with the mTOR signaling cascade and the NF-kB mediated signal pathway, while apoptosis is correlated with the death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathway, mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, caspase-independent pathways and others. Furthermore, we found that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis experience interactions with one another. Additionally, it may provide several potential therapeutic targets for patients that might suffer from depression after ICH.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00682/fullintracerebral hemorrhagedepressioninflammationoxidative stressapoptosisreview |
| spellingShingle | Yinan Wu Liangliang Wang Kaimin Hu Chengcheng Yu Yuanhan Zhu Suzhan Zhang Anwen Shao Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Frontiers in Psychiatry intracerebral hemorrhage depression inflammation oxidative stress apoptosis review |
| title | Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
| title_full | Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
| title_short | Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets of Depression After Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
| title_sort | mechanisms and therapeutic targets of depression after intracerebral hemorrhage |
| topic | intracerebral hemorrhage depression inflammation oxidative stress apoptosis review |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00682/full |
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