Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran
Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women can cause several complications for the mother and her baby, which are life-threatening. Thus, we aimed to find the prevalence of IPV and its associated factors in pregnant women in Shiraz, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15258-x |
| _version_ | 1827982394640039936 |
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| author | Najmeh Maharlouei Shohreh Roozmeh Mohammad-hassan Zahed Roozegar Hadi Raeisi Shahraki Khadijeh Bazrafshan Shaghayegh Moradi-alamdarloo Hossein Molavi Vardanjani Kamran B. Lankarani |
| author_facet | Najmeh Maharlouei Shohreh Roozmeh Mohammad-hassan Zahed Roozegar Hadi Raeisi Shahraki Khadijeh Bazrafshan Shaghayegh Moradi-alamdarloo Hossein Molavi Vardanjani Kamran B. Lankarani |
| author_sort | Najmeh Maharlouei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women can cause several complications for the mother and her baby, which are life-threatening. Thus, we aimed to find the prevalence of IPV and its associated factors in pregnant women in Shiraz, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant mothers in Shiraz between July 2020 and January 2021. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic data, socio-economic status (SES), obstetric and medical history, and questions about IPV. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-square, McNemar, or Fisher’s exact test, and variables with p-value < 0.20 were included in Logistic regression. The odds ratio and CI 95% for variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of IPV was 93.1% among 830 pregnant women in Shiraz. Psychological violence was the most prevalent type (92.9%), followed by sexual (11%) and physical (7.7%) violence. High SES (OR = 3.21, (CI:1.61–6.41)) was the only risk factor for overall violence, and the age group, 30–34, was a risk factor for physical violence. Mother-desired pregnancy (OR = 26 (Cl:0.09–0.79)) and father-desired pregnancy (OR = 0.91, (CI:0.22–3.80)) were protective factors against physical and sexual violence, respectively. Furthermore, Psychological violence and sexual violence increased during COVID-19 Pandemic (P.value < 0.05). Conclusion According to the obtained results, the prevalence of IPV during pregnancy in Shiraz was very concerning, especially psychological violence. Improving conflict-solving skills among family members and addressing economic problems could be considered by health policymakers when designing interventional programs and policies to reduce IPV during pregnancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:33:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-37f71ea9232942aba228fd66a3feaa69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:33:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-37f71ea9232942aba228fd66a3feaa692023-03-22T12:37:06ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582023-02-012311810.1186/s12889-023-15258-xIntimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of IranNajmeh Maharlouei0Shohreh Roozmeh1Mohammad-hassan Zahed Roozegar2Hadi Raeisi Shahraki3Khadijeh Bazrafshan4Shaghayegh Moradi-alamdarloo5Hossein Molavi Vardanjani6Kamran B. Lankarani7Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesMaternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesHealth Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Rahmatieh Educational ComplexMaternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesMaternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of MPH, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesHealth Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women can cause several complications for the mother and her baby, which are life-threatening. Thus, we aimed to find the prevalence of IPV and its associated factors in pregnant women in Shiraz, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant mothers in Shiraz between July 2020 and January 2021. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic data, socio-economic status (SES), obstetric and medical history, and questions about IPV. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-square, McNemar, or Fisher’s exact test, and variables with p-value < 0.20 were included in Logistic regression. The odds ratio and CI 95% for variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of IPV was 93.1% among 830 pregnant women in Shiraz. Psychological violence was the most prevalent type (92.9%), followed by sexual (11%) and physical (7.7%) violence. High SES (OR = 3.21, (CI:1.61–6.41)) was the only risk factor for overall violence, and the age group, 30–34, was a risk factor for physical violence. Mother-desired pregnancy (OR = 26 (Cl:0.09–0.79)) and father-desired pregnancy (OR = 0.91, (CI:0.22–3.80)) were protective factors against physical and sexual violence, respectively. Furthermore, Psychological violence and sexual violence increased during COVID-19 Pandemic (P.value < 0.05). Conclusion According to the obtained results, the prevalence of IPV during pregnancy in Shiraz was very concerning, especially psychological violence. Improving conflict-solving skills among family members and addressing economic problems could be considered by health policymakers when designing interventional programs and policies to reduce IPV during pregnancy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15258-xIntimate partner violencePregnancyAbuse |
| spellingShingle | Najmeh Maharlouei Shohreh Roozmeh Mohammad-hassan Zahed Roozegar Hadi Raeisi Shahraki Khadijeh Bazrafshan Shaghayegh Moradi-alamdarloo Hossein Molavi Vardanjani Kamran B. Lankarani Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran BMC Public Health Intimate partner violence Pregnancy Abuse |
| title | Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran |
| title_full | Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran |
| title_fullStr | Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran |
| title_short | Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran |
| title_sort | intimate partner violence during pregnancy in covid 19 pandemic a cross sectional study from south west of iran |
| topic | Intimate partner violence Pregnancy Abuse |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15258-x |
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