Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterium, produces pyocyanin, a virulence factor associated with antibiotic tolerance. High concentrations of royal jelly have an antibacterial effect, which may potentially overcome antibacterial resistance. However, in some c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2021-09-01
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| Series: | F1000Research |
| Online Access: | https://f1000research.com/articles/10-14/v3 |
| _version_ | 1818733642318348288 |
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| author | Dina Auliya Amly Puspita Hajardhini Alma Linggar Jonarta Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto Heni Susilowati |
| author_facet | Dina Auliya Amly Puspita Hajardhini Alma Linggar Jonarta Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto Heni Susilowati |
| author_sort | Dina Auliya Amly |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterium, produces pyocyanin, a virulence factor associated with antibiotic tolerance. High concentrations of royal jelly have an antibacterial effect, which may potentially overcome antibacterial resistance. However, in some cases, antibiotic tolerance can occur due to prolonged stress of low-dose antibacterial agents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of royal jelly on bacterial growth, pyocyanin production, and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa. Methods: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 and clinical isolates were cultured in a royal jelly-containing medium to test the antibacterial activity. Pyocyanin production was observed by measuring the absorbance at 690 nm after 36 h culture and determined using extinction coefficient 4310 M-1 cm-1. Static microtiter plate biofilm assay performed to detect the biofilm formation, followed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Royal jelly effectively inhibited the viability of both strains from a concentration of 25%. The highest production of pyocyanin was observed in the subinhibitory concentration group 6.25%, which gradually decreased along with the decrease of royal jelly concentration. Results of one-way ANOVA tests differed significantly in pyocyanin production of the two strains between the royal jelly groups. Tukey HSD test showed concentrations of 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% significantly increased pyocyanin production of ATCC 10145, and the concentrations of 12.5% and 6.25% significantly increased production of the clinical isolates. Concentrations of 12.5% and 6.125% significantly induced biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145, in line with the results of the SEM analysis. Conclusions: The royal jelly concentration of 25% or higher inhibits bacterial growth; however, the subinhibitory concentration increases pyocyanin production and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. It is advisable to determine the appropriate concentration of royal jelly to obtain beneficial virulence inhibiting activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:52:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3811dc7f8cb04b69b181d2ceb30d088d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:52:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-3811dc7f8cb04b69b181d2ceb30d088d2022-12-21T21:28:09ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022021-09-011010.12688/f1000research.27915.377925Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]Dina Auliya Amly0Puspita Hajardhini1Alma Linggar Jonarta2Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto3Heni Susilowati4Master of Dental Sciences Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaMaster of Dental Sciences Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaBackground: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterium, produces pyocyanin, a virulence factor associated with antibiotic tolerance. High concentrations of royal jelly have an antibacterial effect, which may potentially overcome antibacterial resistance. However, in some cases, antibiotic tolerance can occur due to prolonged stress of low-dose antibacterial agents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of royal jelly on bacterial growth, pyocyanin production, and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa. Methods: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 and clinical isolates were cultured in a royal jelly-containing medium to test the antibacterial activity. Pyocyanin production was observed by measuring the absorbance at 690 nm after 36 h culture and determined using extinction coefficient 4310 M-1 cm-1. Static microtiter plate biofilm assay performed to detect the biofilm formation, followed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Royal jelly effectively inhibited the viability of both strains from a concentration of 25%. The highest production of pyocyanin was observed in the subinhibitory concentration group 6.25%, which gradually decreased along with the decrease of royal jelly concentration. Results of one-way ANOVA tests differed significantly in pyocyanin production of the two strains between the royal jelly groups. Tukey HSD test showed concentrations of 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% significantly increased pyocyanin production of ATCC 10145, and the concentrations of 12.5% and 6.25% significantly increased production of the clinical isolates. Concentrations of 12.5% and 6.125% significantly induced biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145, in line with the results of the SEM analysis. Conclusions: The royal jelly concentration of 25% or higher inhibits bacterial growth; however, the subinhibitory concentration increases pyocyanin production and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. It is advisable to determine the appropriate concentration of royal jelly to obtain beneficial virulence inhibiting activity.https://f1000research.com/articles/10-14/v3 |
| spellingShingle | Dina Auliya Amly Puspita Hajardhini Alma Linggar Jonarta Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto Heni Susilowati Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] F1000Research |
| title | Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] |
| title_full | Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] |
| title_fullStr | Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] |
| title_short | Enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in Pseudomonas aeruginosa [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations] |
| title_sort | enhancement of pyocyanin production by subinhibitory concentration of royal jelly in pseudomonas aeruginosa version 3 peer review 2 approved 1 approved with reservations |
| url | https://f1000research.com/articles/10-14/v3 |
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