Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States
Organic luminescent materials with high luminescence efficiency in both solution and solid states, namely dual-state emission (DSE), have attracted considerable attention due to their promising applications in various fields. In order to enrich the variety of DSE materials, carbazole, similar to tri...
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| author | Beibei Zhang Lingzhong Wei Xuansi Tang Zizhan Jiang Song Guo Linmin Zou Huihong Xie Yongyang Gong Yuanli Liu |
| author_facet | Beibei Zhang Lingzhong Wei Xuansi Tang Zizhan Jiang Song Guo Linmin Zou Huihong Xie Yongyang Gong Yuanli Liu |
| author_sort | Beibei Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organic luminescent materials with high luminescence efficiency in both solution and solid states, namely dual-state emission (DSE), have attracted considerable attention due to their promising applications in various fields. In order to enrich the variety of DSE materials, carbazole, similar to triphenylamine (TPA), was utilized to construct a novel DSE luminogen named 2-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]thiazole (CZ-BT). CZ-BT exhibited DSE characteristics with fluorescence quantum yields of 70, 38 and 75% in solution, amorphous and crystalline states, respectively. CZ-BT shows thermochromic and mechanochromic properties in solution and solids, respectively. Theoretical calculations show that there is a small conformational difference between the ground state and the lowest singly excited state of CZ-BT and that it exhibits a low non-radiative transition characteristic. The oscillator strength during the transition from the single excited state to the ground state reaches 1.0442. CZ-BT adopts a distorted molecular conformation with intramolecular hindrance effects. The excellent DSE properties of CZ-BT can be explained well using theoretical calculations and experimental results. In terms of application, the CZ-BT has a detection limit for the hazardous substance picric acid of 2.81 × 10<sup>−7</sup> mol/L. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:02:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-381437a7a6b84ecdb34b424dd92aab11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:02:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-381437a7a6b84ecdb34b424dd92aab112023-11-18T08:11:33ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-06-011611419310.3390/ma16114193Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution StatesBeibei Zhang0Lingzhong Wei1Xuansi Tang2Zizhan Jiang3Song Guo4Linmin Zou5Huihong Xie6Yongyang Gong7Yuanli Liu8Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaOrganic luminescent materials with high luminescence efficiency in both solution and solid states, namely dual-state emission (DSE), have attracted considerable attention due to their promising applications in various fields. In order to enrich the variety of DSE materials, carbazole, similar to triphenylamine (TPA), was utilized to construct a novel DSE luminogen named 2-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)benzo[d]thiazole (CZ-BT). CZ-BT exhibited DSE characteristics with fluorescence quantum yields of 70, 38 and 75% in solution, amorphous and crystalline states, respectively. CZ-BT shows thermochromic and mechanochromic properties in solution and solids, respectively. Theoretical calculations show that there is a small conformational difference between the ground state and the lowest singly excited state of CZ-BT and that it exhibits a low non-radiative transition characteristic. The oscillator strength during the transition from the single excited state to the ground state reaches 1.0442. CZ-BT adopts a distorted molecular conformation with intramolecular hindrance effects. The excellent DSE properties of CZ-BT can be explained well using theoretical calculations and experimental results. In terms of application, the CZ-BT has a detection limit for the hazardous substance picric acid of 2.81 × 10<sup>−7</sup> mol/L.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/11/4193organic luminogenscarbazoledual state emissionhigh efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Beibei Zhang Lingzhong Wei Xuansi Tang Zizhan Jiang Song Guo Linmin Zou Huihong Xie Yongyang Gong Yuanli Liu Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States Materials organic luminogens carbazole dual state emission high efficiency |
| title | Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States |
| title_full | Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States |
| title_fullStr | Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States |
| title_short | Preparation and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Luminogen with Efficient Emission in Solid and Solution States |
| title_sort | preparation and characterization of carbazole based luminogen with efficient emission in solid and solution states |
| topic | organic luminogens carbazole dual state emission high efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/11/4193 |
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