Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit
Latania scale insect is a pest of global significance affecting kiwifruit. The sessile insect (life stage: settled crawler—mature adult) is covered with a waxy cap that protects it from topical pesticides, so increasingly, a selection of resistant cultivars and application of elicitors are being use...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/10 |
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| author | Kirstin Wurms Annette Ah Chee Kate Stannard Rachelle Anderson Dwayne Jensen Janine Cooney Duncan Hedderley |
| author_facet | Kirstin Wurms Annette Ah Chee Kate Stannard Rachelle Anderson Dwayne Jensen Janine Cooney Duncan Hedderley |
| author_sort | Kirstin Wurms |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Latania scale insect is a pest of global significance affecting kiwifruit. The sessile insect (life stage: settled crawler—mature adult) is covered with a waxy cap that protects it from topical pesticides, so increasingly, a selection of resistant cultivars and application of elicitors are being used in pest control. Thus far, the application of a salicylic acid (SA) phytohormone pathway elicitor, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), has been shown to reduce insect development (as indicated by cap size) on one kiwifruit cultivar (‘Hayward’). To investigate how cultivar-associated resistance is affected by the ability to respond to different elicitors, we measured phytohormones (by LCMS) and gene expression (by qPCR and NanoString) on latania scale-tolerant ‘Hort16A’ and susceptible ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit over two seasons. Potted plants in the presence/absence of settled latania scales were treated with ASM (0.2 g/L) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA, 0.05% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), representing elicitors of the SA and JA signalling pathways, respectively. ‘Hort16A’ cultivar resistance to latania scale was associated with elevated expression of SA and SA-related defence genes (<i>PR1</i> and two <i>PR2</i> family genes) in the ASM treatment. MeJA treatments did not significantly affect insect development in ‘Hayward’ (latania scale did not survive on ‘Hort16A’) and did not correlate with phytohormone and gene expression measurements in either cultivar. ‘Hayward’ had greater concentrations than ‘Hort16A’ of inert storage forms of both SA and JA across all treatments. This information contributes to the selection of tolerant cultivars and the effective use of elicitors for control of latania scale in kiwifruit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3825961991c44d0d915cc32eefbbb386 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3825961991c44d0d915cc32eefbbb3862023-11-23T12:06:20ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-12-011111010.3390/plants11010010Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in KiwifruitKirstin Wurms0Annette Ah Chee1Kate Stannard2Rachelle Anderson3Dwayne Jensen4Janine Cooney5Duncan Hedderley6The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), Private Bag 3230, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton 3240, New ZealandThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), Private Bag 3230, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton 3240, New ZealandPlant & Food Research, 412 No. 1 Road, RD2, Te Puke 3182, New ZealandPlant & Food Research, 412 No. 1 Road, RD2, Te Puke 3182, New ZealandThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), Private Bag 3230, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton 3240, New ZealandThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), Private Bag 3230, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton 3240, New ZealandPlant & Food Research, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New ZealandLatania scale insect is a pest of global significance affecting kiwifruit. The sessile insect (life stage: settled crawler—mature adult) is covered with a waxy cap that protects it from topical pesticides, so increasingly, a selection of resistant cultivars and application of elicitors are being used in pest control. Thus far, the application of a salicylic acid (SA) phytohormone pathway elicitor, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), has been shown to reduce insect development (as indicated by cap size) on one kiwifruit cultivar (‘Hayward’). To investigate how cultivar-associated resistance is affected by the ability to respond to different elicitors, we measured phytohormones (by LCMS) and gene expression (by qPCR and NanoString) on latania scale-tolerant ‘Hort16A’ and susceptible ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit over two seasons. Potted plants in the presence/absence of settled latania scales were treated with ASM (0.2 g/L) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA, 0.05% <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), representing elicitors of the SA and JA signalling pathways, respectively. ‘Hort16A’ cultivar resistance to latania scale was associated with elevated expression of SA and SA-related defence genes (<i>PR1</i> and two <i>PR2</i> family genes) in the ASM treatment. MeJA treatments did not significantly affect insect development in ‘Hayward’ (latania scale did not survive on ‘Hort16A’) and did not correlate with phytohormone and gene expression measurements in either cultivar. ‘Hayward’ had greater concentrations than ‘Hort16A’ of inert storage forms of both SA and JA across all treatments. This information contributes to the selection of tolerant cultivars and the effective use of elicitors for control of latania scale in kiwifruit.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/10Actigardcross-talkinduced resistancehost defence responsepathogenesis-related (PR) proteinsalicylic acid |
| spellingShingle | Kirstin Wurms Annette Ah Chee Kate Stannard Rachelle Anderson Dwayne Jensen Janine Cooney Duncan Hedderley Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit Plants Actigard cross-talk induced resistance host defence response pathogenesis-related (PR) protein salicylic acid |
| title | Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit |
| title_full | Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit |
| title_fullStr | Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit |
| title_short | Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit |
| title_sort | defence responses associated with elicitor induced cultivar associated resistance to latania scale in kiwifruit |
| topic | Actigard cross-talk induced resistance host defence response pathogenesis-related (PR) protein salicylic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/10 |
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