Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Mitochondria are essential organelles central to various cellular functions such as energy production, metabolic pathways, signaling transduction, lipid biogenesis, and apoptosis. In the central nervous system, neurons depend on mitochondria for energy homeostasis to maintain optimal synaptic transm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.778456/full |
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| author | Brandon Emanuel León Brandon Emanuel León Shinwoo Kang Gabriela Franca-Solomon Pei Shang Doo-Sup Choi Doo-Sup Choi Doo-Sup Choi |
| author_facet | Brandon Emanuel León Brandon Emanuel León Shinwoo Kang Gabriela Franca-Solomon Pei Shang Doo-Sup Choi Doo-Sup Choi Doo-Sup Choi |
| author_sort | Brandon Emanuel León |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondria are essential organelles central to various cellular functions such as energy production, metabolic pathways, signaling transduction, lipid biogenesis, and apoptosis. In the central nervous system, neurons depend on mitochondria for energy homeostasis to maintain optimal synaptic transmission and integrity. Deficiencies in mitochondrial function, including perturbations in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics, contribute to aging, and Alzheimer’s disease. Chronic and heavy alcohol use is associated with accelerated brain aging, and increased risk for dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, through neuroimmune responses, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, excessive alcohol use induces mitochondrial dysfunction. The direct and indirect alcohol-induced neuroimmune responses, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, are critical for the relationship between alcohol-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In the brain, alcohol activates microglia and increases inflammatory mediators that can impair mitochondrial energy production, dynamics, and initiate cell death pathways. Also, alcohol-induced cytokines in the peripheral organs indirectly, but synergistically exacerbate alcohol’s effects on brain function. This review will provide recent and advanced findings focusing on how alcohol alters the aging process and aggravates Alzheimer’s disease with a focus on mitochondrial function. Finally, we will contextualize these findings to inform clinical and therapeutic approaches towards Alzheimer’s disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:26:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3830ad6cf0ac4fd2bdd3740252839923 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5153 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:26:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-3830ad6cf0ac4fd2bdd37402528399232022-12-21T23:44:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience1662-51532022-02-011510.3389/fnbeh.2021.778456778456Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s DiseaseBrandon Emanuel León0Brandon Emanuel León1Shinwoo Kang2Gabriela Franca-Solomon3Pei Shang4Doo-Sup Choi5Doo-Sup Choi6Doo-Sup Choi7Regenerative Sciences Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United StatesDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United StatesDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United StatesNeuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United StatesDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United StatesDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United StatesNeuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United StatesMitochondria are essential organelles central to various cellular functions such as energy production, metabolic pathways, signaling transduction, lipid biogenesis, and apoptosis. In the central nervous system, neurons depend on mitochondria for energy homeostasis to maintain optimal synaptic transmission and integrity. Deficiencies in mitochondrial function, including perturbations in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics, contribute to aging, and Alzheimer’s disease. Chronic and heavy alcohol use is associated with accelerated brain aging, and increased risk for dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, through neuroimmune responses, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, excessive alcohol use induces mitochondrial dysfunction. The direct and indirect alcohol-induced neuroimmune responses, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, are critical for the relationship between alcohol-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In the brain, alcohol activates microglia and increases inflammatory mediators that can impair mitochondrial energy production, dynamics, and initiate cell death pathways. Also, alcohol-induced cytokines in the peripheral organs indirectly, but synergistically exacerbate alcohol’s effects on brain function. This review will provide recent and advanced findings focusing on how alcohol alters the aging process and aggravates Alzheimer’s disease with a focus on mitochondrial function. Finally, we will contextualize these findings to inform clinical and therapeutic approaches towards Alzheimer’s disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.778456/fullalcohol use disordermitochondriamorphologyagingdementiaAlzheimer’s disease |
| spellingShingle | Brandon Emanuel León Brandon Emanuel León Shinwoo Kang Gabriela Franca-Solomon Pei Shang Doo-Sup Choi Doo-Sup Choi Doo-Sup Choi Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience alcohol use disorder mitochondria morphology aging dementia Alzheimer’s disease |
| title | Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | alcohol induced neuroinflammatory response and mitochondrial dysfunction on aging and alzheimer s disease |
| topic | alcohol use disorder mitochondria morphology aging dementia Alzheimer’s disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.778456/full |
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