Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize certain pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. TLRs are highly interesting to researchers including immunologists because of the involvement in various diseases inc...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/2/297 |
| _version_ | 1797766159409348608 |
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| author | Nasir Javaid Sangdun Choi |
| author_facet | Nasir Javaid Sangdun Choi |
| author_sort | Nasir Javaid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize certain pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. TLRs are highly interesting to researchers including immunologists because of the involvement in various diseases including cancers, allergies, autoimmunity, infections, and inflammation. After ligand engagement, TLRs trigger multiple signaling pathways involving nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) for the production of various cytokines that play an important role in diseases like cancer. TLR activation in immune as well as cancer cells may prevent the formation and growth of a tumor. Nonetheless, under certain conditions, either hyperactivation or hypoactivation of TLRs supports the survival and metastasis of a tumor. Therefore, the design of TLR-targeting agonists as well as antagonists is a promising immunotherapeutic approach to cancer. In this review, we mainly describe TLRs, their involvement in cancer, and their promising properties for anticancer drug discovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:20:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3834b38dcc1e450896179c1d1c6557c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:20:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-3834b38dcc1e450896179c1d1c6557c92023-08-02T00:58:42ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-01-0112229710.3390/cancers12020297cancers12020297Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer TreatmentNasir Javaid0Sangdun Choi1Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, KoreaDepartment of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, KoreaToll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize certain pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. TLRs are highly interesting to researchers including immunologists because of the involvement in various diseases including cancers, allergies, autoimmunity, infections, and inflammation. After ligand engagement, TLRs trigger multiple signaling pathways involving nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) for the production of various cytokines that play an important role in diseases like cancer. TLR activation in immune as well as cancer cells may prevent the formation and growth of a tumor. Nonetheless, under certain conditions, either hyperactivation or hypoactivation of TLRs supports the survival and metastasis of a tumor. Therefore, the design of TLR-targeting agonists as well as antagonists is a promising immunotherapeutic approach to cancer. In this review, we mainly describe TLRs, their involvement in cancer, and their promising properties for anticancer drug discovery.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/2/297toll-like receptorpathogen-associated molecular patterncytokinecanceranticancer drug |
| spellingShingle | Nasir Javaid Sangdun Choi Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment Cancers toll-like receptor pathogen-associated molecular pattern cytokine cancer anticancer drug |
| title | Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment |
| title_full | Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment |
| title_short | Toll-like Receptors from the Perspective of Cancer Treatment |
| title_sort | toll like receptors from the perspective of cancer treatment |
| topic | toll-like receptor pathogen-associated molecular pattern cytokine cancer anticancer drug |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/2/297 |
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