Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin
Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a fungus with a long history of widespread use in folk medicine, and its biological and medicinal functions are well studied. A crucial pharmacological effect of C. militaris is immunomodulation. In this review, we catalog the immunomodulatory effects of differe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.575704/full |
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| author | Chun-Ting Lee Chun-Ting Lee Keng-Shiang Huang Jei-Fu Shaw Jung-Ren Chen Wen-Shuo Kuo Gangxu Shen Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu Alina Maria Holban Yi-Ting Wang Jun-Sheng Wang Yi-Ping Hsiang Yu-Mei Lin Yu-Mei Lin Hsiao-Han Hsu Chih-Hui Yang Chih-Hui Yang Chih-Hui Yang |
| author_facet | Chun-Ting Lee Chun-Ting Lee Keng-Shiang Huang Jei-Fu Shaw Jung-Ren Chen Wen-Shuo Kuo Gangxu Shen Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu Alina Maria Holban Yi-Ting Wang Jun-Sheng Wang Yi-Ping Hsiang Yu-Mei Lin Yu-Mei Lin Hsiao-Han Hsu Chih-Hui Yang Chih-Hui Yang Chih-Hui Yang |
| author_sort | Chun-Ting Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a fungus with a long history of widespread use in folk medicine, and its biological and medicinal functions are well studied. A crucial pharmacological effect of C. militaris is immunomodulation. In this review, we catalog the immunomodulatory effects of different extracts of C. militaris, namely total extracts, polysaccharides and cordycepin. Total extracts obtained using water or 50% ethyl alcohol and polysaccharides from C. militaris were discovered to tend to promote type 1 immunity, whereas total extracts obtained using 70–80% ethyl alcohol and cordycepin from C. militaris were more likely to promote type 2 immunity. This article is the first to classify the immunomodulatory effects of different extracts of C. militaris. In addition, we discovered a relationship between different segments or extracts and differing types of immunity. This review can provide the readers a comprehensive understanding on the immunomodulatory effects of the precious folk medicine and guidance on its use for both health people and those with an immunodeficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:35:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38403e41a96c4985b5639451169a92a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:35:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-38403e41a96c4985b5639451169a92a02022-12-21T21:30:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122020-11-011110.3389/fphar.2020.575704575704Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and CordycepinChun-Ting Lee0Chun-Ting Lee1Keng-Shiang Huang2Jei-Fu Shaw3Jung-Ren Chen4Wen-Shuo Kuo5Gangxu Shen6Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu7Alina Maria Holban8Yi-Ting Wang9Jun-Sheng Wang10Yi-Ping Hsiang11Yu-Mei Lin12Yu-Mei Lin13Hsiao-Han Hsu14Chih-Hui Yang15Chih-Hui Yang16Chih-Hui Yang17The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanAmulette Chinese Medicine Clinic, Tainan City, TaiwanThe School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanSchool of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, ChinaThe School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanTaiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, TaiwanPharmacy Department of E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, TaiwanThe School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanAmulette Chinese Medicine Clinic, Tainan City, TaiwanDepartment of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanTaiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, TaiwanPharmacy Department of E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, TaiwanCordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a fungus with a long history of widespread use in folk medicine, and its biological and medicinal functions are well studied. A crucial pharmacological effect of C. militaris is immunomodulation. In this review, we catalog the immunomodulatory effects of different extracts of C. militaris, namely total extracts, polysaccharides and cordycepin. Total extracts obtained using water or 50% ethyl alcohol and polysaccharides from C. militaris were discovered to tend to promote type 1 immunity, whereas total extracts obtained using 70–80% ethyl alcohol and cordycepin from C. militaris were more likely to promote type 2 immunity. This article is the first to classify the immunomodulatory effects of different extracts of C. militaris. In addition, we discovered a relationship between different segments or extracts and differing types of immunity. This review can provide the readers a comprehensive understanding on the immunomodulatory effects of the precious folk medicine and guidance on its use for both health people and those with an immunodeficiency.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.575704/fullCordyceps militarisimmunomodulationpolysaccharidescordycepintype 1 immunitytype 2 immunity |
| spellingShingle | Chun-Ting Lee Chun-Ting Lee Keng-Shiang Huang Jei-Fu Shaw Jung-Ren Chen Wen-Shuo Kuo Gangxu Shen Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu Alina Maria Holban Yi-Ting Wang Jun-Sheng Wang Yi-Ping Hsiang Yu-Mei Lin Yu-Mei Lin Hsiao-Han Hsu Chih-Hui Yang Chih-Hui Yang Chih-Hui Yang Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin Frontiers in Pharmacology Cordyceps militaris immunomodulation polysaccharides cordycepin type 1 immunity type 2 immunity |
| title | Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin |
| title_full | Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin |
| title_fullStr | Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin |
| title_short | Trends in the Immunomodulatory Effects of Cordyceps militaris: Total Extracts, Polysaccharides and Cordycepin |
| title_sort | trends in the immunomodulatory effects of cordyceps militaris total extracts polysaccharides and cordycepin |
| topic | Cordyceps militaris immunomodulation polysaccharides cordycepin type 1 immunity type 2 immunity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.575704/full |
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