Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans
Abstract Aim To investigate the association of major dietary patterns with glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters in a large American sample. The association between dietary patterns (DP) derived via principal components analysis (PCA), with glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters was assessed. T...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Lipids in Health and Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x |
| _version_ | 1818943798188703744 |
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| author | Mohsen Mazidi Andre Pascal Kengne Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Peter P. Toth Kausik K. Ray Maciej Banach |
| author_facet | Mohsen Mazidi Andre Pascal Kengne Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Peter P. Toth Kausik K. Ray Maciej Banach |
| author_sort | Mohsen Mazidi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Aim To investigate the association of major dietary patterns with glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters in a large American sample. The association between dietary patterns (DP) derived via principal components analysis (PCA), with glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters was assessed. The likelihood of insulin resistance (IR) across the DPs quarters was also explored. Method The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants during 2005–2012 were included if they underwent measurement of dietary intake as well as glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and adjusted logistic and linear regression models were employed to account for the complex survey design and sample weights. Results A total of 24,182 participants were included; 48.9% (n = 11,815) were men. Applying PCA revealed three DP (56.8% of variance): the first was comprised mainly of saturated fat (SFA), total fat, mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and carbohydrate (CHO); the second is highly enriched with vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber; and the third was composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and protein. Among the total population, after adjustment for age, sex, race, C-reactive protein, smoking, and physical activity, glucose homeostasis factors, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product improved across the quarters of the first and third DP; and a reverse pattern with the second DP. The same trend was observed for the non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, subjects with higher adherence to the first and third DP had higher likelihood for developing IR, whereas there was a lower likelihood for the second DP. Conclusion This study shows that the DP heavily loaded with CHO, SFA, PUFA, protein, total fat and MUFA as well as high-cholesterol-load foods is associated with impaired glucose tolerance; in contrast, the healthy pattern which is high in vitamins, minerals and fiber may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:33:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3841a09655bd490cbbd120b7ba4abcbf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-511X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:33:03Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Lipids in Health and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-3841a09655bd490cbbd120b7ba4abcbf2022-12-21T19:48:21ZengBMCLipids in Health and Disease1476-511X2017-10-011611910.1186/s12944-017-0571-xDietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult AmericansMohsen Mazidi0Andre Pascal Kengne1Dimitri P. Mikhailidis2Peter P. Toth3Kausik K. Ray4Maciej Banach5Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesNon-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape TownDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL)Department of Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical CenterDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, University of CambridgeDepartment of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of LodzAbstract Aim To investigate the association of major dietary patterns with glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters in a large American sample. The association between dietary patterns (DP) derived via principal components analysis (PCA), with glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters was assessed. The likelihood of insulin resistance (IR) across the DPs quarters was also explored. Method The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants during 2005–2012 were included if they underwent measurement of dietary intake as well as glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and adjusted logistic and linear regression models were employed to account for the complex survey design and sample weights. Results A total of 24,182 participants were included; 48.9% (n = 11,815) were men. Applying PCA revealed three DP (56.8% of variance): the first was comprised mainly of saturated fat (SFA), total fat, mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and carbohydrate (CHO); the second is highly enriched with vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber; and the third was composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and protein. Among the total population, after adjustment for age, sex, race, C-reactive protein, smoking, and physical activity, glucose homeostasis factors, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product improved across the quarters of the first and third DP; and a reverse pattern with the second DP. The same trend was observed for the non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, subjects with higher adherence to the first and third DP had higher likelihood for developing IR, whereas there was a lower likelihood for the second DP. Conclusion This study shows that the DP heavily loaded with CHO, SFA, PUFA, protein, total fat and MUFA as well as high-cholesterol-load foods is associated with impaired glucose tolerance; in contrast, the healthy pattern which is high in vitamins, minerals and fiber may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12944-017-0571-xDietary patternsInsulin resistanceGlucose homeostasisInsulin homeostasis |
| spellingShingle | Mohsen Mazidi Andre Pascal Kengne Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Peter P. Toth Kausik K. Ray Maciej Banach Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans Lipids in Health and Disease Dietary patterns Insulin resistance Glucose homeostasis Insulin homeostasis |
| title | Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans |
| title_full | Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans |
| title_fullStr | Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans |
| title_short | Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans |
| title_sort | dietary food patterns and glucose insulin homeostasis a cross sectional study involving 24 182 adult americans |
| topic | Dietary patterns Insulin resistance Glucose homeostasis Insulin homeostasis |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x |
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