Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation
Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC is a highly valued medicinal herb that has been used in traditional medicinal systems for its remedial effects. Owing to the over-exploitation and unethical trade of N. jatamansi, the accelerating global demand of herbal products from this plant cannot be satisfied...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.987986/full |
| _version_ | 1811256142595096576 |
|---|---|
| author | Ashwani Arya Rubal Chahal Mikhlid H. Almutairi Deepak Kaushik Lotfi Aleya Mohamed Kamel Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim Vineet Mittal |
| author_facet | Ashwani Arya Rubal Chahal Mikhlid H. Almutairi Deepak Kaushik Lotfi Aleya Mohamed Kamel Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim Vineet Mittal |
| author_sort | Ashwani Arya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC is a highly valued medicinal herb that has been used in traditional medicinal systems for its remedial effects. Owing to the over-exploitation and unethical trade of N. jatamansi, the accelerating global demand of herbal products from this plant cannot be satisfied by the conventional extraction approach. In view of the progressive demand and incredible biological potential of herb, the present research was designed to optimize various extraction parameters for microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The extracts obtained from the traditional and green approach were also assessed for the recovery of secondary metabolites and anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Various parameters like microwave power, temperature, and time of irradiation were optimized for MAE using Box Behkhen Design (BBD) The scanning electron microscopy of different plant samples was also done to observe the effect of microwave radiations. Further, the metabolite profiling of different extracts was also done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Also the different behavioral and biochemical parameters along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory potential were assessed to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Optimized parameters for MAE were found to be as microwave power 187.04 W, temperature 90°C, and irradiation time 20 min. The extract yield in MAE was significantly enhanced as compared to the conventional method. Also, the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (TFC) were improved pointedly from 32.13 ± 0.55 to 72.83 ± 1.1 mg of GAE/g of extract and 21.7 ± 0.85 to 39.21 ± 0.7 mg of RUE/g of extract respectively. Later, the GC-MS analysis of various extracts confirmed the enhancement in the concentration of various sesquiterpenes like jatamansone, spirojatamol, valerenal, valeric acid, globulol, nootkatone and steroidal compounds such as sitosterol, ergosterol, stigmastanone, etc. in the optimized extract. A significant improvement in anti-Alzheimer’s potential was also observed owing to the better concentration of secondary metabolites in the optimized microwave extract. From the current findings, it could be concluded that the MAE could be a successful and green alternative for the extraction and recovery of secondary metabolites from the selected medicinal herb. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:35:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38593c338f804923908dc3a1b6e4d395 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:35:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-38593c338f804923908dc3a1b6e4d3952022-12-22T03:22:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-11-011310.3389/fpls.2022.987986987986Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluationAshwani Arya0Rubal Chahal1Mikhlid H. Almutairi2Deepak Kaushik3Lotfi Aleya4Mohamed Kamel5Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim6Vineet Mittal7Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IndiaChrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne, Franche-Comté University, CEDEX, Besançon, FranceDepartment of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptPharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, IndiaNardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC is a highly valued medicinal herb that has been used in traditional medicinal systems for its remedial effects. Owing to the over-exploitation and unethical trade of N. jatamansi, the accelerating global demand of herbal products from this plant cannot be satisfied by the conventional extraction approach. In view of the progressive demand and incredible biological potential of herb, the present research was designed to optimize various extraction parameters for microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The extracts obtained from the traditional and green approach were also assessed for the recovery of secondary metabolites and anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Various parameters like microwave power, temperature, and time of irradiation were optimized for MAE using Box Behkhen Design (BBD) The scanning electron microscopy of different plant samples was also done to observe the effect of microwave radiations. Further, the metabolite profiling of different extracts was also done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Also the different behavioral and biochemical parameters along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory potential were assessed to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Optimized parameters for MAE were found to be as microwave power 187.04 W, temperature 90°C, and irradiation time 20 min. The extract yield in MAE was significantly enhanced as compared to the conventional method. Also, the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (TFC) were improved pointedly from 32.13 ± 0.55 to 72.83 ± 1.1 mg of GAE/g of extract and 21.7 ± 0.85 to 39.21 ± 0.7 mg of RUE/g of extract respectively. Later, the GC-MS analysis of various extracts confirmed the enhancement in the concentration of various sesquiterpenes like jatamansone, spirojatamol, valerenal, valeric acid, globulol, nootkatone and steroidal compounds such as sitosterol, ergosterol, stigmastanone, etc. in the optimized extract. A significant improvement in anti-Alzheimer’s potential was also observed owing to the better concentration of secondary metabolites in the optimized microwave extract. From the current findings, it could be concluded that the MAE could be a successful and green alternative for the extraction and recovery of secondary metabolites from the selected medicinal herb.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.987986/fullNardostachys jatamansiantioxidantscanning electron microscopymicrowave assisted extractiongas chromatographyresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Ashwani Arya Rubal Chahal Mikhlid H. Almutairi Deepak Kaushik Lotfi Aleya Mohamed Kamel Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim Vineet Mittal Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation Frontiers in Plant Science Nardostachys jatamansi antioxidant scanning electron microscopy microwave assisted extraction gas chromatography response surface methodology |
| title | Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation |
| title_full | Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation |
| title_short | Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation |
| title_sort | green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of nardostachys jatamansi d don dc using microwave radiations process optimization and anti alzheimer evaluation |
| topic | Nardostachys jatamansi antioxidant scanning electron microscopy microwave assisted extraction gas chromatography response surface methodology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.987986/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ashwaniarya greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT rubalchahal greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT mikhlidhalmutairi greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT deepakkaushik greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT lotfialeya greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT mohamedkamel greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT mohamedmabdeldaim greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation AT vineetmittal greenapproachfortherecoveryofsecondarymetabolitesfromtherootsofnardostachysjatamansiddondcusingmicrowaveradiationsprocessoptimizationandantialzheimerevaluation |