First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection
Impaired renal functions have been reported with Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections, especially with genotypes 3 and 4. These complications were reported during the acute and chronic phases of infection. HEV genotype 1 causes acute infection, and the effect of HEV-1 infections on renal functions is...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| author | Amal A. Elkhawaga Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar Amal A. Mahmoud Wael Esmat Ali Doaa Safwat Mohamed Ayat M. Kamel Ahmed Atef Mesalam Nermien H. S. Mousa Ahmed M. Ashmawy Essam M. Abdel Aziz Ibrahim M. Sayed Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan Yasmine Samy Elkholy |
| author_facet | Amal A. Elkhawaga Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar Amal A. Mahmoud Wael Esmat Ali Doaa Safwat Mohamed Ayat M. Kamel Ahmed Atef Mesalam Nermien H. S. Mousa Ahmed M. Ashmawy Essam M. Abdel Aziz Ibrahim M. Sayed Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan Yasmine Samy Elkholy |
| author_sort | Amal A. Elkhawaga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Impaired renal functions have been reported with Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections, especially with genotypes 3 and 4. These complications were reported during the acute and chronic phases of infection. HEV genotype 1 causes acute infection, and the effect of HEV-1 infections on renal functions is not known. We examined the kidney function parameters in the serum of HEV-1 patients (AHE, n = 31) during the acute phase of infection. All of the included patients developed an acute self-limiting course of infection, without progression to fulminant hepatic failure. We compared the demographic, laboratory, and clinical data between AHE patients with normal kidney function parameters and those with abnormal renal parameters. Out of 31 AHE patients, 5 (16%) had abnormal kidney function tests (KFTs) during the acute phase of infection. Three patients had abnormal serum urea and creatinine, and two patients had either abnormal urea or creatinine. Four out of five patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. AHE patients with abnormal KFTs were older and had a lower level of albumin, but a slightly elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) compared to AHE patients with normal KFTs. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, liver transaminase levels, and the viral load. Similarly, the clinical presentations were comparable in both groups. Interestingly, these KFTs in patients with abnormal renal parameters returned to normal levels at the recovery. The serum creatinine level was not correlated with patients’ age or liver transaminase levels, but it was significantly negatively correlated with albumin level. In conclusion, this study is the first report that evaluated KFTs in patients during the acute phase of HEV-1 infections. Impaired KFTs in some AHE patients resolved at convalescence. KFTs and renal complications should be monitored during HEV-1 infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:25:15Z |
| format | Article |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:25:15Z |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-387b57967aa243788bed722ace85f8aa2023-11-18T02:46:57ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-05-0112568710.3390/pathogens12050687First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 InfectionAmal A. Elkhawaga0Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar1Amal A. Mahmoud2Wael Esmat Ali3Doaa Safwat Mohamed4Ayat M. Kamel5Ahmed Atef Mesalam6Nermien H. S. Mousa7Ahmed M. Ashmawy8Essam M. Abdel Aziz9Ibrahim M. Sayed10Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan11Yasmine Samy Elkholy12Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Assuit Branch, Assiut 71524, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, EgyptMicrobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo 12622, EgyptBotany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, EgyptDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptImpaired renal functions have been reported with Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections, especially with genotypes 3 and 4. These complications were reported during the acute and chronic phases of infection. HEV genotype 1 causes acute infection, and the effect of HEV-1 infections on renal functions is not known. We examined the kidney function parameters in the serum of HEV-1 patients (AHE, n = 31) during the acute phase of infection. All of the included patients developed an acute self-limiting course of infection, without progression to fulminant hepatic failure. We compared the demographic, laboratory, and clinical data between AHE patients with normal kidney function parameters and those with abnormal renal parameters. Out of 31 AHE patients, 5 (16%) had abnormal kidney function tests (KFTs) during the acute phase of infection. Three patients had abnormal serum urea and creatinine, and two patients had either abnormal urea or creatinine. Four out of five patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. AHE patients with abnormal KFTs were older and had a lower level of albumin, but a slightly elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) compared to AHE patients with normal KFTs. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, liver transaminase levels, and the viral load. Similarly, the clinical presentations were comparable in both groups. Interestingly, these KFTs in patients with abnormal renal parameters returned to normal levels at the recovery. The serum creatinine level was not correlated with patients’ age or liver transaminase levels, but it was significantly negatively correlated with albumin level. In conclusion, this study is the first report that evaluated KFTs in patients during the acute phase of HEV-1 infections. Impaired KFTs in some AHE patients resolved at convalescence. KFTs and renal complications should be monitored during HEV-1 infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/5/687HEVkidney function testacute infectiongenotype 1recoveryrenal disorders |
| spellingShingle | Amal A. Elkhawaga Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar Amal A. Mahmoud Wael Esmat Ali Doaa Safwat Mohamed Ayat M. Kamel Ahmed Atef Mesalam Nermien H. S. Mousa Ahmed M. Ashmawy Essam M. Abdel Aziz Ibrahim M. Sayed Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan Yasmine Samy Elkholy First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection Pathogens HEV kidney function test acute infection genotype 1 recovery renal disorders |
| title | First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection |
| title_full | First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection |
| title_fullStr | First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection |
| title_short | First Report on Abnormal Renal Function in Acute Hepatitis E Genotype 1 Infection |
| title_sort | first report on abnormal renal function in acute hepatitis e genotype 1 infection |
| topic | HEV kidney function test acute infection genotype 1 recovery renal disorders |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/5/687 |
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