Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts
Platinum and Pt alloy nanoparticles supported on carbon are the state of the art electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. To develop a better understanding on how material design can influence the degradation processes on the nanoscale, three specific Pt/C catalysts with different st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Beilstein-Institut
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.5 |
| _version_ | 1819275446141845504 |
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| author | Josef C. Meier Carolina Galeano Ioannis Katsounaros Jonathon Witte Hans J. Bongard Angel A. Topalov Claudio Baldizzone Stefano Mezzavilla Ferdi Schüth Karl J. J. Mayrhofer |
| author_facet | Josef C. Meier Carolina Galeano Ioannis Katsounaros Jonathon Witte Hans J. Bongard Angel A. Topalov Claudio Baldizzone Stefano Mezzavilla Ferdi Schüth Karl J. J. Mayrhofer |
| author_sort | Josef C. Meier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Platinum and Pt alloy nanoparticles supported on carbon are the state of the art electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. To develop a better understanding on how material design can influence the degradation processes on the nanoscale, three specific Pt/C catalysts with different structural characteristics were investigated in depth: a conventional Pt/Vulcan catalyst with a particle size of 3–4 nm and two Pt@HGS catalysts with different particle size, 1–2 nm and 3–4 nm. Specifically, Pt@HGS corresponds to platinum nanoparticles incorporated and confined within the pore structure of the nanostructured carbon support, i.e., hollow graphitic spheres (HGS). All three materials are characterized by the same platinum loading, so that the differences in their performance can be correlated to the structural characteristics of each material. The comparison of the activity and stability behavior of the three catalysts, as obtained from thin film rotating disk electrode measurements and identical location electron microscopy, is also extended to commercial materials and used as a basis for a discussion of general fuel cell catalyst design principles. Namely, the effects of particle size, inter-particle distance, certain support characteristics and thermal treatment on the catalyst performance and in particular the catalyst stability are evaluated. Based on our results, a set of design criteria for more stable and active Pt/C and Pt-alloy/C materials is suggested. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:24:27Z |
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| id | doaj.art-38900b9fb55a4927ad8171b87887893b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-4286 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:24:27Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Beilstein-Institut |
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| series | Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-38900b9fb55a4927ad8171b87887893b2022-12-21T17:26:16ZengBeilstein-InstitutBeilstein Journal of Nanotechnology2190-42862014-01-0151446710.3762/bjnano.5.52190-4286-5-5Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalystsJosef C. Meier0Carolina Galeano1Ioannis Katsounaros2Jonathon Witte3Hans J. Bongard4Angel A. Topalov5Claudio Baldizzone6Stefano Mezzavilla7Ferdi Schüth8Karl J. J. Mayrhofer9Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, GermanyDepartment of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, GermanyDepartment of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, GermanyDepartment of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, GermanyDepartment of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyPlatinum and Pt alloy nanoparticles supported on carbon are the state of the art electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. To develop a better understanding on how material design can influence the degradation processes on the nanoscale, three specific Pt/C catalysts with different structural characteristics were investigated in depth: a conventional Pt/Vulcan catalyst with a particle size of 3–4 nm and two Pt@HGS catalysts with different particle size, 1–2 nm and 3–4 nm. Specifically, Pt@HGS corresponds to platinum nanoparticles incorporated and confined within the pore structure of the nanostructured carbon support, i.e., hollow graphitic spheres (HGS). All three materials are characterized by the same platinum loading, so that the differences in their performance can be correlated to the structural characteristics of each material. The comparison of the activity and stability behavior of the three catalysts, as obtained from thin film rotating disk electrode measurements and identical location electron microscopy, is also extended to commercial materials and used as a basis for a discussion of general fuel cell catalyst design principles. Namely, the effects of particle size, inter-particle distance, certain support characteristics and thermal treatment on the catalyst performance and in particular the catalyst stability are evaluated. Based on our results, a set of design criteria for more stable and active Pt/C and Pt-alloy/C materials is suggested.https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.5catalyst design criteriadegradation mechanismsfuel cell catalystnanoparticlesstability |
| spellingShingle | Josef C. Meier Carolina Galeano Ioannis Katsounaros Jonathon Witte Hans J. Bongard Angel A. Topalov Claudio Baldizzone Stefano Mezzavilla Ferdi Schüth Karl J. J. Mayrhofer Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology catalyst design criteria degradation mechanisms fuel cell catalyst nanoparticles stability |
| title | Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts |
| title_full | Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts |
| title_fullStr | Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts |
| title_short | Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts |
| title_sort | design criteria for stable pt c fuel cell catalysts |
| topic | catalyst design criteria degradation mechanisms fuel cell catalyst nanoparticles stability |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.5 |
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