Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013
The third intensive measurement period (IMP) organised by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) under the UNECE CLTRAP took place in summer 2012 and winter 2013, with PM<sub>10</sub> filter samples concurrently collected at 20 (16 EMEP) regional background sites acr...
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Copernicus Publications
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6107/2016/acp-16-6107-2016.pdf |
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| author | A. Alastuey X. Querol W. Aas F. Lucarelli N. Pérez T. Moreno F. Cavalli H. Areskoug V. Balan M. Catrambone D. Ceburnis J. C. Cerro S. Conil L. Gevorgyan C. Hueglin K. Imre J.-L. Jaffrezo S. R. Leeson N. Mihalopoulos N. Mihalopoulos M. Mitosinkova C. D. O'Dowd J. Pey J.-P. Putaud V. Riffault A. Ripoll J. Sciare J. Sciare K. Sellegri G. Spindler K. E. Yttri |
| author_facet | A. Alastuey X. Querol W. Aas F. Lucarelli N. Pérez T. Moreno F. Cavalli H. Areskoug V. Balan M. Catrambone D. Ceburnis J. C. Cerro S. Conil L. Gevorgyan C. Hueglin K. Imre J.-L. Jaffrezo S. R. Leeson N. Mihalopoulos N. Mihalopoulos M. Mitosinkova C. D. O'Dowd J. Pey J.-P. Putaud V. Riffault A. Ripoll J. Sciare J. Sciare K. Sellegri G. Spindler K. E. Yttri |
| author_sort | A. Alastuey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The third intensive measurement period (IMP) organised by
the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) under the UNECE
CLTRAP took place in summer 2012 and winter 2013, with PM<sub>10</sub> filter
samples concurrently collected at 20 (16 EMEP) regional background sites
across Europe for subsequent analysis of their mineral dust content. All
samples were analysed by the same or a comparable methodology. Higher
PM<sub>10</sub> mineral dust loadings were observed at most sites in summer
(0.5–10 µg m<sup>−3</sup>) compared to winter (0.2–2 µg m<sup>−3</sup>),
with the most elevated concentrations in the southern- and easternmost
countries, accounting for 20–40 % of PM<sub>10</sub>. Saharan dust outbreaks
were responsible for the high summer dust loadings at western and central
European sites, whereas regional or local sources explained the elevated
concentrations observed at eastern sites. The eastern Mediterranean sites
experienced elevated levels due to African dust outbreaks during both summer
and winter. The mineral dust composition varied more in winter than in
summer, with a higher relative contribution of anthropogenic dust during the
former period. A relatively high contribution of K from non-mineral and
non-sea-salt sources, such as biomass burning, was evident in winter at some
of the central and eastern European sites. The spatial distribution of some
components and metals reveals the influence of specific anthropogenic
sources on a regional scale: shipping emissions (V, Ni, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>)
in the Mediterranean region, metallurgy (Cr, Ni, and Mn) in central and
eastern Europe, high temperature processes (As, Pb, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) in
eastern countries, and traffic (Cu) at sites affected by emissions from
nearby cities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T01:12:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38953aff5a254db28ab2e1eea21db196 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T01:12:39Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-38953aff5a254db28ab2e1eea21db1962022-12-21T23:22:41ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242016-05-01166107612910.5194/acp-16-6107-2016Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013A. Alastuey0X. Querol1W. Aas2F. Lucarelli3N. Pérez4T. Moreno5F. Cavalli6H. Areskoug7V. Balan8M. Catrambone9D. Ceburnis10J. C. Cerro11S. Conil12L. Gevorgyan13C. Hueglin14K. Imre15J.-L. Jaffrezo16S. R. Leeson17N. Mihalopoulos18N. Mihalopoulos19M. Mitosinkova20C. D. O'Dowd21J. Pey22J.-P. Putaud23V. Riffault24A. Ripoll25J. Sciare26J. Sciare27K. Sellegri28G. Spindler29K. E. Yttri30Department of Geosciences, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Geosciences, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, SpainAtmosphere and Climate Department, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, NorwayDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, ItalyDepartment of Geosciences, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Geosciences, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, SpainEuropean Commission – DG Joint Research Centre, Ispra, ItalyDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, ACES, Stockholm, SwedenHydrometeorologic State Service, Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, Chisinau, MoldovaCNR, Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, ItalySchool of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandLaboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Illes Balears University, Palma de Mallorca, SpainANDRA – DRD – Observation Surveillance, Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, Bure, FranceEnvironmental Impact Monitoring Center, Yerevan, ArmeniaEmpa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, SwitzerlandMTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group, University of Veszprém, Veszprém, HungaryLaboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement, UGA-CNRS, St. Martin d'Hères CEDEX, FranceCentre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, UKEnvironmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, University of Crete, Heraklion, GreeceInstitute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, Pendeli, GreeceDepartment of Air Quality, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Bratislava, Slovak RepublicSchool of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandSpanish Geological Survey, Zaragoza IGME Unit, Zaragoza, SpainHydrometeorologic State Service, Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, Chisinau, MoldovaDépartement Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement (SAGE), Mines Douai, Douai, FranceDepartment of Geosciences, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, SpainLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceThe Cyprus Institute, Energy, Environment and Water Research Center, Nicosia, CyprusLaboratoire de Météorologie Physique LaMP-CNRS/OPGC, Aubière, FranceDepartment of Atmospheric Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS) Leipzig, GermanyAtmosphere and Climate Department, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, NorwayThe third intensive measurement period (IMP) organised by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) under the UNECE CLTRAP took place in summer 2012 and winter 2013, with PM<sub>10</sub> filter samples concurrently collected at 20 (16 EMEP) regional background sites across Europe for subsequent analysis of their mineral dust content. All samples were analysed by the same or a comparable methodology. Higher PM<sub>10</sub> mineral dust loadings were observed at most sites in summer (0.5–10 µg m<sup>−3</sup>) compared to winter (0.2–2 µg m<sup>−3</sup>), with the most elevated concentrations in the southern- and easternmost countries, accounting for 20–40 % of PM<sub>10</sub>. Saharan dust outbreaks were responsible for the high summer dust loadings at western and central European sites, whereas regional or local sources explained the elevated concentrations observed at eastern sites. The eastern Mediterranean sites experienced elevated levels due to African dust outbreaks during both summer and winter. The mineral dust composition varied more in winter than in summer, with a higher relative contribution of anthropogenic dust during the former period. A relatively high contribution of K from non-mineral and non-sea-salt sources, such as biomass burning, was evident in winter at some of the central and eastern European sites. The spatial distribution of some components and metals reveals the influence of specific anthropogenic sources on a regional scale: shipping emissions (V, Ni, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) in the Mediterranean region, metallurgy (Cr, Ni, and Mn) in central and eastern Europe, high temperature processes (As, Pb, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) in eastern countries, and traffic (Cu) at sites affected by emissions from nearby cities.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6107/2016/acp-16-6107-2016.pdf |
| spellingShingle | A. Alastuey X. Querol W. Aas F. Lucarelli N. Pérez T. Moreno F. Cavalli H. Areskoug V. Balan M. Catrambone D. Ceburnis J. C. Cerro S. Conil L. Gevorgyan C. Hueglin K. Imre J.-L. Jaffrezo S. R. Leeson N. Mihalopoulos N. Mihalopoulos M. Mitosinkova C. D. O'Dowd J. Pey J.-P. Putaud V. Riffault A. Ripoll J. Sciare J. Sciare K. Sellegri G. Spindler K. E. Yttri Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 |
| title_full | Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 |
| title_fullStr | Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 |
| title_short | Geochemistry of PM<sub>10</sub> over Europe during the EMEP intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 |
| title_sort | geochemistry of pm sub 10 sub over europe during the emep intensive measurement periods in summer 2012 and winter 2013 |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6107/2016/acp-16-6107-2016.pdf |
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