Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), produced by Alexandrium pacificum in the marine environment, are a group of potent neurotoxins which specifically block voltage-gated sodium channels in excitable cells. During the toxigenic A. pacificum blooms outbreaks, PSTs can be accumulated through the food ch...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323001719 |
| _version_ | 1797869892344479744 |
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| author | Weijia Song Xiuxian Song Huihui Shen Yu Ding Ruihong Cheng Zhiming Yu |
| author_facet | Weijia Song Xiuxian Song Huihui Shen Yu Ding Ruihong Cheng Zhiming Yu |
| author_sort | Weijia Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), produced by Alexandrium pacificum in the marine environment, are a group of potent neurotoxins which specifically block voltage-gated sodium channels in excitable cells. During the toxigenic A. pacificum blooms outbreaks, PSTs can be accumulated through the food chain and finally enter the human body, posing a significant threat to human health and safety. This study experimented with a novel type of oxidized modified clay, potassium peroxymonosulfate modified clay (PMPS-MC), which could remove A. pacificum cells as well as reduce intracellular and extracellular PSTs toxicity rapidly. For the extracellular PSTs, its content decreased to below the detection limit rapidly through oxidative degradation within 15 min of 10 mg/L PMPS-MC treatment. Whereafter, although the residual cells in water column and some viable cells in flocculated sediment continued to secrete toxins, the extracellular PSTs content and toxicity in the PMPS-MC treatment groups remained significantly lower than those in the control group. For the intracellular PSTs, PMPS-MC might induce the transformation of more toxic GTX1&4 to less toxic GTX2&3 and C1&2, resulting in intracellular PSTs toxicity reduced within 15 min. In addition, intracellular PSTs content and toxicity in the PMPS-MC treatment groups were consistently lower than the control group within 48 h, possibly by inhibiting the A. pacificum cells growth. These results will provide a scientific basis for the field application of modified clay to control A. pacificum blooms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:19:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-389cacc9e8044b9fbf0906d20a612100 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:19:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-389cacc9e8044b9fbf0906d20a6121002023-03-16T05:01:16ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132023-03-01253114667Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experimentWeijia Song0Xiuxian Song1Huihui Shen2Yu Ding3Ruihong Cheng4Zhiming Yu5Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Correspondence to: Key Laboratory of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, ChinaParalytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), produced by Alexandrium pacificum in the marine environment, are a group of potent neurotoxins which specifically block voltage-gated sodium channels in excitable cells. During the toxigenic A. pacificum blooms outbreaks, PSTs can be accumulated through the food chain and finally enter the human body, posing a significant threat to human health and safety. This study experimented with a novel type of oxidized modified clay, potassium peroxymonosulfate modified clay (PMPS-MC), which could remove A. pacificum cells as well as reduce intracellular and extracellular PSTs toxicity rapidly. For the extracellular PSTs, its content decreased to below the detection limit rapidly through oxidative degradation within 15 min of 10 mg/L PMPS-MC treatment. Whereafter, although the residual cells in water column and some viable cells in flocculated sediment continued to secrete toxins, the extracellular PSTs content and toxicity in the PMPS-MC treatment groups remained significantly lower than those in the control group. For the intracellular PSTs, PMPS-MC might induce the transformation of more toxic GTX1&4 to less toxic GTX2&3 and C1&2, resulting in intracellular PSTs toxicity reduced within 15 min. In addition, intracellular PSTs content and toxicity in the PMPS-MC treatment groups were consistently lower than the control group within 48 h, possibly by inhibiting the A. pacificum cells growth. These results will provide a scientific basis for the field application of modified clay to control A. pacificum blooms.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323001719Oxidized modified clayAlexandrium pacificumParalytic shellfish toxinsDegradationTransformation |
| spellingShingle | Weijia Song Xiuxian Song Huihui Shen Yu Ding Ruihong Cheng Zhiming Yu Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Oxidized modified clay Alexandrium pacificum Paralytic shellfish toxins Degradation Transformation |
| title | Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment |
| title_full | Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment |
| title_fullStr | Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment |
| title_short | Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment |
| title_sort | degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay a laboratory experiment |
| topic | Oxidized modified clay Alexandrium pacificum Paralytic shellfish toxins Degradation Transformation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323001719 |
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