TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease?
The heart is one of the organs that is sensitive to developing delayed adverse effects of ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) occurs in cancer patients and cancer survivors, as a side effect of radiation therapy of the chest, with manifestation several years post...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1002 |
| _version_ | 1797600012520128512 |
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| author | Basveshwar Gawali Vijayalakshmi Sridharan Kimberly J. Krager Marjan Boerma Snehalata A. Pawar |
| author_facet | Basveshwar Gawali Vijayalakshmi Sridharan Kimberly J. Krager Marjan Boerma Snehalata A. Pawar |
| author_sort | Basveshwar Gawali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The heart is one of the organs that is sensitive to developing delayed adverse effects of ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) occurs in cancer patients and cancer survivors, as a side effect of radiation therapy of the chest, with manifestation several years post-radiotherapy. Moreover, the continued threat of nuclear bombs or terrorist attacks puts deployed military service members at risk of exposure to total or partial body irradiation. Individuals who survive acute injury from IR will experience delayed adverse effects that include fibrosis and chronic dysfunction of organ systems such as the heart within months to years after radiation exposure. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immune receptor that is implicated in several cardiovascular diseases. Studies in preclinical models have established the role of TLR4 as a driver of inflammation and associated cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction using transgenic models. This review explores the relevance of the TLR4 signaling pathway in radiation-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in acute as well as late effects on the heart tissue and the potential for the development of TLR4 inhibitors as a therapeutic target to treat or alleviate RIHD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:42:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38a4447c53b74962b783d0c1bbad1e63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:42:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-38a4447c53b74962b783d0c1bbad1e632023-11-18T01:29:07ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-04-01145100210.3390/genes14051002TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease?Basveshwar Gawali0Vijayalakshmi Sridharan1Kimberly J. Krager2Marjan Boerma3Snehalata A. Pawar4Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USADivision of Radiation Health, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USADivision of Radiation Health, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USADivision of Radiation Health, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USADepartment of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USAThe heart is one of the organs that is sensitive to developing delayed adverse effects of ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) occurs in cancer patients and cancer survivors, as a side effect of radiation therapy of the chest, with manifestation several years post-radiotherapy. Moreover, the continued threat of nuclear bombs or terrorist attacks puts deployed military service members at risk of exposure to total or partial body irradiation. Individuals who survive acute injury from IR will experience delayed adverse effects that include fibrosis and chronic dysfunction of organ systems such as the heart within months to years after radiation exposure. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immune receptor that is implicated in several cardiovascular diseases. Studies in preclinical models have established the role of TLR4 as a driver of inflammation and associated cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction using transgenic models. This review explores the relevance of the TLR4 signaling pathway in radiation-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in acute as well as late effects on the heart tissue and the potential for the development of TLR4 inhibitors as a therapeutic target to treat or alleviate RIHD.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1002cardiac dysfunctionheartinflammationionizing radiationnitrosative stressoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Basveshwar Gawali Vijayalakshmi Sridharan Kimberly J. Krager Marjan Boerma Snehalata A. Pawar TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease? Genes cardiac dysfunction heart inflammation ionizing radiation nitrosative stress oxidative stress |
| title | TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease? |
| title_full | TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease? |
| title_fullStr | TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease? |
| title_full_unstemmed | TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease? |
| title_short | TLR4—A Pertinent Player in Radiation-Induced Heart Disease? |
| title_sort | tlr4 a pertinent player in radiation induced heart disease |
| topic | cardiac dysfunction heart inflammation ionizing radiation nitrosative stress oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/5/1002 |
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