Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda
Escherichia coli is a major bacterial pathogen which causes diarrhea in the giant panda. This study investigated the biological characteristics of 100 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples collected from 100 captive giant pandas of different age groups and sexes. A standard Kirby-Bauer disk di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236227/full |
| _version_ | 1797362299897380864 |
|---|---|
| author | Mingxi Li Ruiqing Lv Xiaowei Li Chao Song Liang Xingxin Huanrong Zhang |
| author_facet | Mingxi Li Ruiqing Lv Xiaowei Li Chao Song Liang Xingxin Huanrong Zhang |
| author_sort | Mingxi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Escherichia coli is a major bacterial pathogen which causes diarrhea in the giant panda. This study investigated the biological characteristics of 100 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples collected from 100 captive giant pandas of different age groups and sexes. A standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed with the isolates and we then further evaluated the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by high-throughput quantitative PCR. Additionally, we then analyzed O serogroups through a slide agglutination test, virulence genes and the multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that the 100 E. coli strains were mainly resistant to ENR (68%), AM (56%), IPM (55%), AMX (54%) and CA (52%), but were susceptible to MEM and FOX. The resistance to TZP, AK, FEP, CAZ, AMS, AZM, AT and IPM was significantly related to age (p < 0.05); the resistance rate of E. coli isolated from female giant pandas to N was significantly higher than in males (p < 0.05). Forty-five different types of ARGs were found, which included a total of 2,258 ARGs, in the 100 E. coli isolates. The top 10 of detection rate of ARGs were: acrA-04, acrA-05, aacC, blaCTX-M-04, ampC-04, blaSHV-01, blaTEM, sul2, blaOXY, tetA-02. ARGs aac (6’)I1, blaCTX-M-03, tetD-02, blaSHV-02 and blaOXY were significantly related to age (p < 0.05), blaSHV-02, blaNDM and ampC-04 were related to sex (p < 0.05). Twelve different O serogroups from 32 E. coli isolates were distinguished, including O4, O8, O9, O15, O18, O20, O55, O88, O112, O157, O158, and O167. The most prevalent O serotype was O20, but O28, O45, O101, O149, and O152 were not detected. Fourteen different types of virulence genes were detected in the 100 E. coli isolates, of which papA (99%) were highly detected, while hlyA, elt and estA were not detected. MLST showed that 41 STs, which had one CCs and six groups with SLVs, in the 100 E. coli strains were identified, the main type was ST37. Our results advocate the need of strict biosecurity and surveillance programs in order to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the captive giant panda population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:06:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38c8721444074e18af362d468c08d3f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:06:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-38c8721444074e18af362d468c08d3f32024-01-08T05:45:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2024-01-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.12362271236227Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant pandaMingxi Li0Ruiqing Lv1Xiaowei Li2Chao Song3Liang Xingxin4Huanrong Zhang5Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, ChinaEmeishan Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Leshan, ChinaCollege of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, ChinaEscherichia coli is a major bacterial pathogen which causes diarrhea in the giant panda. This study investigated the biological characteristics of 100 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples collected from 100 captive giant pandas of different age groups and sexes. A standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed with the isolates and we then further evaluated the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by high-throughput quantitative PCR. Additionally, we then analyzed O serogroups through a slide agglutination test, virulence genes and the multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that the 100 E. coli strains were mainly resistant to ENR (68%), AM (56%), IPM (55%), AMX (54%) and CA (52%), but were susceptible to MEM and FOX. The resistance to TZP, AK, FEP, CAZ, AMS, AZM, AT and IPM was significantly related to age (p < 0.05); the resistance rate of E. coli isolated from female giant pandas to N was significantly higher than in males (p < 0.05). Forty-five different types of ARGs were found, which included a total of 2,258 ARGs, in the 100 E. coli isolates. The top 10 of detection rate of ARGs were: acrA-04, acrA-05, aacC, blaCTX-M-04, ampC-04, blaSHV-01, blaTEM, sul2, blaOXY, tetA-02. ARGs aac (6’)I1, blaCTX-M-03, tetD-02, blaSHV-02 and blaOXY were significantly related to age (p < 0.05), blaSHV-02, blaNDM and ampC-04 were related to sex (p < 0.05). Twelve different O serogroups from 32 E. coli isolates were distinguished, including O4, O8, O9, O15, O18, O20, O55, O88, O112, O157, O158, and O167. The most prevalent O serotype was O20, but O28, O45, O101, O149, and O152 were not detected. Fourteen different types of virulence genes were detected in the 100 E. coli isolates, of which papA (99%) were highly detected, while hlyA, elt and estA were not detected. MLST showed that 41 STs, which had one CCs and six groups with SLVs, in the 100 E. coli strains were identified, the main type was ST37. Our results advocate the need of strict biosecurity and surveillance programs in order to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the captive giant panda population.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236227/fullE. coligiant pandaantimicrobial resistanceserogroupsvirulence gene profiles |
| spellingShingle | Mingxi Li Ruiqing Lv Xiaowei Li Chao Song Liang Xingxin Huanrong Zhang Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda Frontiers in Microbiology E. coli giant panda antimicrobial resistance serogroups virulence gene profiles |
| title | Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda |
| title_full | Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda |
| title_short | Antimicrobial resistance, serogroups, virulence gene profiles and MLST of Escherichia coli from giant panda |
| title_sort | antimicrobial resistance serogroups virulence gene profiles and mlst of escherichia coli from giant panda |
| topic | E. coli giant panda antimicrobial resistance serogroups virulence gene profiles |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236227/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mingxili antimicrobialresistanceserogroupsvirulencegeneprofilesandmlstofescherichiacolifromgiantpanda AT ruiqinglv antimicrobialresistanceserogroupsvirulencegeneprofilesandmlstofescherichiacolifromgiantpanda AT xiaoweili antimicrobialresistanceserogroupsvirulencegeneprofilesandmlstofescherichiacolifromgiantpanda AT chaosong antimicrobialresistanceserogroupsvirulencegeneprofilesandmlstofescherichiacolifromgiantpanda AT liangxingxin antimicrobialresistanceserogroupsvirulencegeneprofilesandmlstofescherichiacolifromgiantpanda AT huanrongzhang antimicrobialresistanceserogroupsvirulencegeneprofilesandmlstofescherichiacolifromgiantpanda |