Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Gungha-tang (GHT), a traditional herbal medicine, consists of nine medicinal herbs (Cnidii Rhizoma, Pinelliae Tuber, Poria Sclerotium, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Citri Unshius Pericarpium Immaturus, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Atracylodis Rhizoma Alba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Zingiberis R...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/4/1223 |
| _version_ | 1797477640585609216 |
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| author | Chang-Seob Seo Hyeun-Kyoo Shin |
| author_facet | Chang-Seob Seo Hyeun-Kyoo Shin |
| author_sort | Chang-Seob Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gungha-tang (GHT), a traditional herbal medicine, consists of nine medicinal herbs (Cnidii Rhizoma, Pinelliae Tuber, Poria Sclerotium, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Citri Unshius Pericarpium Immaturus, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Atracylodis Rhizoma Alba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). It has been used for various diseases caused by phlegm. This study aimed to develop and verify the simultaneous liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis method, using nine marker components (liquiritin apioside, neoeriocitrin, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizin, and 6-shogaol) for quality control of GHT. LC–MS/MS analysis was conducted using a Waters TQ-XS system. All marker analytes were separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C<sub>18</sub> column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) using gradient elution with a distilled water solution (containing 5 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% [<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>] formic acid)–acetonitrile mobile phase. LC–MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analysis was carried out in negative and positive ion modes of an electrospray ionization source. The developed LC–MS/MS MRM method was validated by examining the linearity, limits of detection and quantification, recovery, and precision. LOD and LOQ values of nine markers were calculated as 0.02–8.33 ng/mL and 0.05–25.00 ng/mL. The recovery was determined to be 89.00–118.08% and precision was assessed with a coefficient of variation value of 1.74–8.64%. In the established LC–MS/MS MRM method, all markers in GHT samples were detected at 0.003–16.157 mg/g. Information gathered during the development and verification of the LC–MS/MS method will be useful for the quality assessment of GHT and other herbal medicines. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:20:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-38cd9c47189f4dbb8fa9166982d35d832023-11-23T21:20:41ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-02-01274122310.3390/molecules27041223Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass SpectrometryChang-Seob Seo0Hyeun-Kyoo Shin1KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, KoreaKM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, KoreaGungha-tang (GHT), a traditional herbal medicine, consists of nine medicinal herbs (Cnidii Rhizoma, Pinelliae Tuber, Poria Sclerotium, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Citri Unshius Pericarpium Immaturus, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Atracylodis Rhizoma Alba, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). It has been used for various diseases caused by phlegm. This study aimed to develop and verify the simultaneous liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis method, using nine marker components (liquiritin apioside, neoeriocitrin, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizin, and 6-shogaol) for quality control of GHT. LC–MS/MS analysis was conducted using a Waters TQ-XS system. All marker analytes were separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C<sub>18</sub> column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) using gradient elution with a distilled water solution (containing 5 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% [<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>] formic acid)–acetonitrile mobile phase. LC–MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analysis was carried out in negative and positive ion modes of an electrospray ionization source. The developed LC–MS/MS MRM method was validated by examining the linearity, limits of detection and quantification, recovery, and precision. LOD and LOQ values of nine markers were calculated as 0.02–8.33 ng/mL and 0.05–25.00 ng/mL. The recovery was determined to be 89.00–118.08% and precision was assessed with a coefficient of variation value of 1.74–8.64%. In the established LC–MS/MS MRM method, all markers in GHT samples were detected at 0.003–16.157 mg/g. Information gathered during the development and verification of the LC–MS/MS method will be useful for the quality assessment of GHT and other herbal medicines.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/4/1223simultaneous analysisquality controlGungha-tangLC–MS/MS |
| spellingShingle | Chang-Seob Seo Hyeun-Kyoo Shin Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Molecules simultaneous analysis quality control Gungha-tang LC–MS/MS |
| title | Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | Simultaneous Analysis for Quality Control of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Gungha-Tang, Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | simultaneous analysis for quality control of traditional herbal medicine gungha tang using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| topic | simultaneous analysis quality control Gungha-tang LC–MS/MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/4/1223 |
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