Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China
Conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) are widespread in Asia and pose challenges to human-bear coexistence. Identifying effective mitigation measures requires a thorough understanding of human-bear conflicts (HBC). We assessed spatial-temporal patterns of HBC and their...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.1020703/full |
| _version_ | 1811179534232322048 |
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| author | Yunrui Ji Yunrui Ji Xuelei Wei Xuelei Wei Fang Liu Fang Liu Diqiang Li Diqiang Li Jiahua Li Xiangyuan Huang Jiajiang Jiang Jianyan Tang |
| author_facet | Yunrui Ji Yunrui Ji Xuelei Wei Xuelei Wei Fang Liu Fang Liu Diqiang Li Diqiang Li Jiahua Li Xiangyuan Huang Jiajiang Jiang Jianyan Tang |
| author_sort | Yunrui Ji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) are widespread in Asia and pose challenges to human-bear coexistence. Identifying effective mitigation measures requires a thorough understanding of human-bear conflicts (HBC). We assessed spatial-temporal patterns of HBC and their impact factors around the Baoshan Section of the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve (GNNR) between 2012 and 2020. The results suggested that crop raiding by bears occurred most commonly, followed by beehive loss, livestock depredation, and human casualties. HBC hotspots occurred near the protected area where local people frequently encountered bears. The landscapes with lower elevation and human density were at higher risk of HBC. Furthermore, villages with more fragmented forests or less fragmented croplands were more vulnerable to HBC. The differences in agricultural structures contributed to the diverse composition of HBC between the two regions. In addition, crop raiding by bears decreased significantly, probably due to the changing landscape composition and configuration derived from human behaviors, yet livestock depredation and beehive loss increased. Our findings indicated the complex interrelationship between the environment, bears, and humans, which could guide the implementation of mitigation measures. We recommend multiple approaches based on a social-ecological system to mitigate HBC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:35:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38cfeff585c44145b6c382128431e424 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:35:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-38cfeff585c44145b6c382128431e4242022-12-22T04:39:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2022-11-011010.3389/fevo.2022.10207031020703Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, ChinaYunrui Ji0Yunrui Ji1Xuelei Wei2Xuelei Wei3Fang Liu4Fang Liu5Diqiang Li6Diqiang Li7Jiahua Li8Xiangyuan Huang9Jiajiang Jiang10Jianyan Tang11Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, ChinaEcology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, ChinaEcology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, ChinaEcology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, ChinaBaoshan Management Bureau of Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve (Longyang Bureau), Longyang, ChinaBaoshan Management Bureau of Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve (Tengchong Bureau), Tengchong, ChinaBaoshan Management Bureau of Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve (Tengchong Bureau), Tengchong, ChinaBaoshan Management Bureau of Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve (Longyang Bureau), Longyang, ChinaConflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) are widespread in Asia and pose challenges to human-bear coexistence. Identifying effective mitigation measures requires a thorough understanding of human-bear conflicts (HBC). We assessed spatial-temporal patterns of HBC and their impact factors around the Baoshan Section of the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve (GNNR) between 2012 and 2020. The results suggested that crop raiding by bears occurred most commonly, followed by beehive loss, livestock depredation, and human casualties. HBC hotspots occurred near the protected area where local people frequently encountered bears. The landscapes with lower elevation and human density were at higher risk of HBC. Furthermore, villages with more fragmented forests or less fragmented croplands were more vulnerable to HBC. The differences in agricultural structures contributed to the diverse composition of HBC between the two regions. In addition, crop raiding by bears decreased significantly, probably due to the changing landscape composition and configuration derived from human behaviors, yet livestock depredation and beehive loss increased. Our findings indicated the complex interrelationship between the environment, bears, and humans, which could guide the implementation of mitigation measures. We recommend multiple approaches based on a social-ecological system to mitigate HBC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.1020703/fullhuman-bear coexistencecrop raidingbeehive losslandscapeagricultural structure |
| spellingShingle | Yunrui Ji Yunrui Ji Xuelei Wei Xuelei Wei Fang Liu Fang Liu Diqiang Li Diqiang Li Jiahua Li Xiangyuan Huang Jiajiang Jiang Jianyan Tang Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution human-bear coexistence crop raiding beehive loss landscape agricultural structure |
| title | Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China |
| title_full | Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China |
| title_short | Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China |
| title_sort | assessing the spatial temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and asiatic black bears ursus thibetanus around the gaoligongshan nature reserve china |
| topic | human-bear coexistence crop raiding beehive loss landscape agricultural structure |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.1020703/full |
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