Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA
This is the first study of Asian dust storm (ADS) particles collected in Beijing, China, and Incheon, Korea, during a spring ADS event. Using a seven-stage May impactor and a quantitative electron probe X-ray microanalysis (ED-EPMA, also known as low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA), we examined...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2014-04-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/3307/2014/acp-14-3307-2014.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818120467633930240 |
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| author | H. Geng H. Hwang X. Liu S. Dong C.-U. Ro |
| author_facet | H. Geng H. Hwang X. Liu S. Dong C.-U. Ro |
| author_sort | H. Geng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This is the first study of Asian dust storm (ADS) particles collected in
Beijing, China, and Incheon, Korea, during a spring ADS event. Using a
seven-stage May impactor and a quantitative electron probe X-ray
microanalysis (ED-EPMA, also known as low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA), we examined the
composition and morphology of 4200 aerosol particles at stages 1–6 (with a
size cut-off of 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, and 0.5 μm in equivalent
aerodynamic diameter, respectively) collected during an ADS event on 28–29
April 2005. The results showed that there were large differences in the
chemical compositions between particles in sample S1 collected in Beijing
immediately after the peak time of the ADS and in samples S2 and S3, which
were collected in Incheon approximately 5 h and 24 h later, respectively.
In sample S1, mineral dust particles accounted for more than 88% in
relative number abundance at stages 1–5; and organic carbon (OC) and reacted
NaCl-containing particles accounted for 24% and 32%, respectively,
at stage 6. On the other hand, in samples S2 and S3, in addition to
approximately 60% mineral dust, many sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles
reacted with airborne SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> (accounting for 24%
and 14% on average in samples S2 and S3, respectively), often mixed with
mineral dust, were encountered at stages 1–5, and (C, N, O, S)-rich
particles (likely a mixture of water-soluble organic carbon with
(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>) were abundantly observed at
stage 6 (accounting for 68% and 51% in samples S2 and S3,
respectively). This suggests that an accumulation of sea-salt components on
individual ADS particles larger than 1 μm in diameter occurred and
many secondary aerosols smaller than 1 μm in diameter were formed
when the ADS particles passed over the Yellow Sea. In the reacted or aged
mineral dust and SSA particles, nitrate-containing and both nitrate- and
sulfate-containing species vastly outnumbered the sulfate-containing species,
implying that ambient NO<sub>x</sub> had a greater influence on the
atmospheric particles than SO<sub>2</sub> during this ADS episode. In addition to
partially- or totally-reacted CaCO<sub>3</sub>, reacted or aged Mg-containing
aluminosilicates were observed frequently in samples S2 and S3;
furthermore, a student's <i>t</i> test showed that both their atomic concentration
ratios of [Mg] / [Al] and [Mg] / [Si] were significantly elevated
(<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared to those in samples S1 (for [Mg] / [Al],
0.34 ± 0.09 and 0.40 ± 0.03 in samples S2 and S3, respectively,
vs. 0.24 ± 0.01 in sample S1; for [Mg] / [Si], 0.21 ± 0.05 and
0.22 ± 0.01 in samples S2 and S3, respectively, vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 in
sample S1). The significant increase of [Mg] / [Al] and [Mg] / [Si]
ratios in Mg-containing aluminosilicates indicates that a significant evolution or
aging must have occurred on the ADS particles in the marine atmosphere during
transport from China to Korea. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:26:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38e735ba4c7a47269b1380beb40cf3e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:26:34Z |
| publishDate | 2014-04-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-38e735ba4c7a47269b1380beb40cf3e32022-12-22T01:19:33ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242014-04-011473307332310.5194/acp-14-3307-2014Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMAH. Geng0H. Hwang1X. Liu2S. Dong3C.-U. Ro4Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaKorea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Dong, Yeonsu Gu, 406-840 Incheon, KoreaChinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Anwai, Beiyuan, Dayangfang 8, Beijing 100012, ChinaNational Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurements, No.1 Yuhuinanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun-dong, Nam-gu, 402-751, Incheon, KoreaThis is the first study of Asian dust storm (ADS) particles collected in Beijing, China, and Incheon, Korea, during a spring ADS event. Using a seven-stage May impactor and a quantitative electron probe X-ray microanalysis (ED-EPMA, also known as low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA), we examined the composition and morphology of 4200 aerosol particles at stages 1–6 (with a size cut-off of 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, and 0.5 μm in equivalent aerodynamic diameter, respectively) collected during an ADS event on 28–29 April 2005. The results showed that there were large differences in the chemical compositions between particles in sample S1 collected in Beijing immediately after the peak time of the ADS and in samples S2 and S3, which were collected in Incheon approximately 5 h and 24 h later, respectively. In sample S1, mineral dust particles accounted for more than 88% in relative number abundance at stages 1–5; and organic carbon (OC) and reacted NaCl-containing particles accounted for 24% and 32%, respectively, at stage 6. On the other hand, in samples S2 and S3, in addition to approximately 60% mineral dust, many sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles reacted with airborne SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> (accounting for 24% and 14% on average in samples S2 and S3, respectively), often mixed with mineral dust, were encountered at stages 1–5, and (C, N, O, S)-rich particles (likely a mixture of water-soluble organic carbon with (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>) were abundantly observed at stage 6 (accounting for 68% and 51% in samples S2 and S3, respectively). This suggests that an accumulation of sea-salt components on individual ADS particles larger than 1 μm in diameter occurred and many secondary aerosols smaller than 1 μm in diameter were formed when the ADS particles passed over the Yellow Sea. In the reacted or aged mineral dust and SSA particles, nitrate-containing and both nitrate- and sulfate-containing species vastly outnumbered the sulfate-containing species, implying that ambient NO<sub>x</sub> had a greater influence on the atmospheric particles than SO<sub>2</sub> during this ADS episode. In addition to partially- or totally-reacted CaCO<sub>3</sub>, reacted or aged Mg-containing aluminosilicates were observed frequently in samples S2 and S3; furthermore, a student's <i>t</i> test showed that both their atomic concentration ratios of [Mg] / [Al] and [Mg] / [Si] were significantly elevated (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared to those in samples S1 (for [Mg] / [Al], 0.34 ± 0.09 and 0.40 ± 0.03 in samples S2 and S3, respectively, vs. 0.24 ± 0.01 in sample S1; for [Mg] / [Si], 0.21 ± 0.05 and 0.22 ± 0.01 in samples S2 and S3, respectively, vs. 0.12 ± 0.02 in sample S1). The significant increase of [Mg] / [Al] and [Mg] / [Si] ratios in Mg-containing aluminosilicates indicates that a significant evolution or aging must have occurred on the ADS particles in the marine atmosphere during transport from China to Korea.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/3307/2014/acp-14-3307-2014.pdf |
| spellingShingle | H. Geng H. Hwang X. Liu S. Dong C.-U. Ro Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA |
| title_full | Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA |
| title_short | Investigation of aged aerosols in size-resolved Asian dust storm particles transported from Beijing, China, to Incheon, Korea, using low-<i>Z</i> particle EPMA |
| title_sort | investigation of aged aerosols in size resolved asian dust storm particles transported from beijing china to incheon korea using low i z i particle epma |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/3307/2014/acp-14-3307-2014.pdf |
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