Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescription through initiatives such as educ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1366 |
| _version_ | 1827677579765612544 |
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| author | Keshani Weragama Poonam Mudgil John Whitehall |
| author_facet | Keshani Weragama Poonam Mudgil John Whitehall |
| author_sort | Keshani Weragama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescription through initiatives such as education-based seminars, prescribing guidelines, and rapid respiratory pathogen (RRP) testing. Paediatric patients who present to the emergency setting with respiratory symptoms are a particularly high-risk population susceptible to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing behaviours and are therefore an ideal cohort for focused ASPs. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of ASPs in this clinical context. A systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted to review the current evidence. Thirteen studies were included in the review and these studies assessed a range of stewardship interventions and outcome measures. Overall, ASPs reduced the rates of antibiotic prescription, increased the prescription of narrow-spectrum antibiotics, and shortened the duration of antibiotic therapy. Multimodal interventions that were education-based and those that used RRP testing were found to be the most effective. Whilst we found strong evidence that ASPs are effective in reducing antibiotic prescribing, further studies are required to assess whether they translate to equivalent clinical outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:44:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38f1a364997249e48779efbfc633dffb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:44:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-38f1a364997249e48779efbfc633dffb2023-11-22T22:10:34ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-11-011011136610.3390/antibiotics10111366Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic ReviewKeshani Weragama0Poonam Mudgil1John Whitehall2Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, AustraliaDepartment of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, AustraliaDepartment of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, AustraliaAntimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescription through initiatives such as education-based seminars, prescribing guidelines, and rapid respiratory pathogen (RRP) testing. Paediatric patients who present to the emergency setting with respiratory symptoms are a particularly high-risk population susceptible to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing behaviours and are therefore an ideal cohort for focused ASPs. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of ASPs in this clinical context. A systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted to review the current evidence. Thirteen studies were included in the review and these studies assessed a range of stewardship interventions and outcome measures. Overall, ASPs reduced the rates of antibiotic prescription, increased the prescription of narrow-spectrum antibiotics, and shortened the duration of antibiotic therapy. Multimodal interventions that were education-based and those that used RRP testing were found to be the most effective. Whilst we found strong evidence that ASPs are effective in reducing antibiotic prescribing, further studies are required to assess whether they translate to equivalent clinical outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1366paediatric antibiotic stewardshippaediatric antibiotic resistanceantimicrobial stewardship programsASPantimicrobial resistancerespiratory tract infections |
| spellingShingle | Keshani Weragama Poonam Mudgil John Whitehall Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review Antibiotics paediatric antibiotic stewardship paediatric antibiotic resistance antimicrobial stewardship programs ASP antimicrobial resistance respiratory tract infections |
| title | Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | paediatric antimicrobial stewardship for respiratory infections in the emergency setting a systematic review |
| topic | paediatric antibiotic stewardship paediatric antibiotic resistance antimicrobial stewardship programs ASP antimicrobial resistance respiratory tract infections |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1366 |
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