Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies
Neurosurgery on individuals with lesions around language areas becomes even more complicated when the patient is bilingual. It is thus important to understand the principles that predict the likelihood of convergent versus separate neuroanatomical organization of the first (L1) and the second langua...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
|
| Series: | Brain Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/12/983 |
| _version_ | 1797544662979837952 |
|---|---|
| author | Monika M. Połczyńska Susan Y. Bookheimer |
| author_facet | Monika M. Połczyńska Susan Y. Bookheimer |
| author_sort | Monika M. Połczyńska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurosurgery on individuals with lesions around language areas becomes even more complicated when the patient is bilingual. It is thus important to understand the principles that predict the likelihood of convergent versus separate neuroanatomical organization of the first (L1) and the second language (L2) in these individuals. We reviewed all English-language publications on neurosurgical language mapping in bilinguals before January 2020 in three databases (e.g., PubMed). Our search yielded 28 studies with 207 participants. The reviewed data suggest several principles of language organization in bilingual neurosurgical patients: (1) separate cortical areas uniquely dedicated to each language in both anterior and posterior language sites are the rule rather than occasional findings, (2) In cases where there was a convergent neuroanatomical representation for L1 and L2, two factors explained the overlap: an early age of L2 acquisition and a small linguistic distance between L1 and L2 and (3) When L1 and L2 diverged neuroanatomically, more L1-specific sites were identified for early age of L2 acquisition, high L2 proficiency and a larger linguistic distance. This work provides initial evidence-based principles predicting the likelihood of converging versus separate neural representations of L1 and L2 in neurosurgical patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:03:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38fc5bad24d44143889c1fcd6efc63d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:03:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-38fc5bad24d44143889c1fcd6efc63d62023-11-21T00:51:26ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252020-12-01101298310.3390/brainsci10120983Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping StudiesMonika M. Połczyńska0Susan Y. Bookheimer1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USANeurosurgery on individuals with lesions around language areas becomes even more complicated when the patient is bilingual. It is thus important to understand the principles that predict the likelihood of convergent versus separate neuroanatomical organization of the first (L1) and the second language (L2) in these individuals. We reviewed all English-language publications on neurosurgical language mapping in bilinguals before January 2020 in three databases (e.g., PubMed). Our search yielded 28 studies with 207 participants. The reviewed data suggest several principles of language organization in bilingual neurosurgical patients: (1) separate cortical areas uniquely dedicated to each language in both anterior and posterior language sites are the rule rather than occasional findings, (2) In cases where there was a convergent neuroanatomical representation for L1 and L2, two factors explained the overlap: an early age of L2 acquisition and a small linguistic distance between L1 and L2 and (3) When L1 and L2 diverged neuroanatomically, more L1-specific sites were identified for early age of L2 acquisition, high L2 proficiency and a larger linguistic distance. This work provides initial evidence-based principles predicting the likelihood of converging versus separate neural representations of L1 and L2 in neurosurgical patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/12/983agebilingualbrain surgerylanguage mappingelectrical stimulationfMRI |
| spellingShingle | Monika M. Połczyńska Susan Y. Bookheimer Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies Brain Sciences age bilingual brain surgery language mapping electrical stimulation fMRI |
| title | Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies |
| title_full | Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies |
| title_fullStr | Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies |
| title_short | Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals—A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies |
| title_sort | factors modifying the amount of neuroanatomical overlap between languages in bilinguals a systematic review of neurosurgical language mapping studies |
| topic | age bilingual brain surgery language mapping electrical stimulation fMRI |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/12/983 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT monikampołczynska factorsmodifyingtheamountofneuroanatomicaloverlapbetweenlanguagesinbilingualsasystematicreviewofneurosurgicallanguagemappingstudies AT susanybookheimer factorsmodifyingtheamountofneuroanatomicaloverlapbetweenlanguagesinbilingualsasystematicreviewofneurosurgicallanguagemappingstudies |