Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures
Saffron is a spice that is obtained by dehydrating the stigmas of the <i>Crocus sativus</i> flower. Iran is the country that produces the largest amount of saffron, exceeding 90% of world production. Currently, there is a growing medicinal use which implies that there is more demand than...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/8/933 |
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| author | Cándida Lorenzo Golnaz Shadmani Hajar Valouzi Natalia Moratalla-López Habibullah Bahlolzada Rosario Sánchez-Gómez Akbar Dizadji Gonzalo L. Alonso |
| author_facet | Cándida Lorenzo Golnaz Shadmani Hajar Valouzi Natalia Moratalla-López Habibullah Bahlolzada Rosario Sánchez-Gómez Akbar Dizadji Gonzalo L. Alonso |
| author_sort | Cándida Lorenzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Saffron is a spice that is obtained by dehydrating the stigmas of the <i>Crocus sativus</i> flower. Iran is the country that produces the largest amount of saffron, exceeding 90% of world production. Currently, there is a growing medicinal use which implies that there is more demand than supply worldwide, in turn, a large amount of labor is required to obtain it; for these two reasons, it reaches a high price in the international market. This demand is due to the high concentration of apocarotenoid metabolites that it biosynthesizes. In this work, the content of these metabolites of saffron from six production areas of Iran and neighbouring countries infected with saffron latent virus (SaLV) and dehydrated at two temperatures is compared. The corms of the six provenances were planted in a homogeneous plot and the stigmas analyzed were those of the second year after planting. The analysis showed that corms do not completely retain the memory of their original origin. In general, the ratio of the sum of mmol/kg of HTCC derivatives to the sum of the mmol of crocins is greater than two. This implies that the biosynthesis of saffron apocarotenoids due to the degradation of β-carotene towards HTCC is more important than that of zeaxanthin formation, which later gives HTCC and crocetin dialdehyde. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:53:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-38fc89df5ddb429b8c68ad4b16d5c3bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:53:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-38fc89df5ddb429b8c68ad4b16d5c3bc2023-11-19T01:21:59ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242023-08-019893310.3390/horticulturae9080933Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration TemperaturesCándida Lorenzo0Golnaz Shadmani1Hajar Valouzi2Natalia Moratalla-López3Habibullah Bahlolzada4Rosario Sánchez-Gómez5Akbar Dizadji6Gonzalo L. Alonso7Cátedra de Química Agrícola, ETS de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, SpainDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-77871, IranDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-77871, IranCátedra de Química Agrícola, ETS de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, SpainAgronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bamyan University, Bamyan 1601, AfghanistanCátedra de Química Agrícola, ETS de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, SpainDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587-77871, IranCátedra de Química Agrícola, ETS de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes y Biotecnología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, SpainSaffron is a spice that is obtained by dehydrating the stigmas of the <i>Crocus sativus</i> flower. Iran is the country that produces the largest amount of saffron, exceeding 90% of world production. Currently, there is a growing medicinal use which implies that there is more demand than supply worldwide, in turn, a large amount of labor is required to obtain it; for these two reasons, it reaches a high price in the international market. This demand is due to the high concentration of apocarotenoid metabolites that it biosynthesizes. In this work, the content of these metabolites of saffron from six production areas of Iran and neighbouring countries infected with saffron latent virus (SaLV) and dehydrated at two temperatures is compared. The corms of the six provenances were planted in a homogeneous plot and the stigmas analyzed were those of the second year after planting. The analysis showed that corms do not completely retain the memory of their original origin. In general, the ratio of the sum of mmol/kg of HTCC derivatives to the sum of the mmol of crocins is greater than two. This implies that the biosynthesis of saffron apocarotenoids due to the degradation of β-carotene towards HTCC is more important than that of zeaxanthin formation, which later gives HTCC and crocetin dialdehyde.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/8/933<i>Crocus sativus</i>crocinspicrocrocinsafranalHPLC-DAD |
| spellingShingle | Cándida Lorenzo Golnaz Shadmani Hajar Valouzi Natalia Moratalla-López Habibullah Bahlolzada Rosario Sánchez-Gómez Akbar Dizadji Gonzalo L. Alonso Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures Horticulturae <i>Crocus sativus</i> crocins picrocrocin safranal HPLC-DAD |
| title | Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures |
| title_full | Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures |
| title_fullStr | Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures |
| title_short | Saffron Stigmas Apocarotenoid Contents from Saffron Latent Virus (SaLV)-Infected Plants with Different Origins and Dehydration Temperatures |
| title_sort | saffron stigmas apocarotenoid contents from saffron latent virus salv infected plants with different origins and dehydration temperatures |
| topic | <i>Crocus sativus</i> crocins picrocrocin safranal HPLC-DAD |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/8/933 |
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