Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador
Abstract Background Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease affecting millions of people. In spite of efforts to reduce the disease, increasing antibiotic resistance has contributed to persist in the top 10 causes of death worldwide. In fact, the increased cases of multi (MDR) and extreme drug...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-09042-1 |
| _version_ | 1797977589072003072 |
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| author | Gabriel Morey-León Derly Andrade-Molina Juan Carlos Fernández-Cadena Luisa Berná |
| author_facet | Gabriel Morey-León Derly Andrade-Molina Juan Carlos Fernández-Cadena Luisa Berná |
| author_sort | Gabriel Morey-León |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease affecting millions of people. In spite of efforts to reduce the disease, increasing antibiotic resistance has contributed to persist in the top 10 causes of death worldwide. In fact, the increased cases of multi (MDR) and extreme drug resistance (XDR) worldwide remains the main challenge for tuberculosis control. Whole genome sequencing is a powerful tool for predicting drug resistance-related variants, studying lineages, tracking transmission, and defining outbreaks. This study presents the identification and characterization of resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis including a phylogenetic and molecular resistance profile study by sequencing the complete genome of 24 strains from different provinces of Ecuador. Results Genomic sequencing was used to identify the variants causing resistance. A total of 15/21 isolates were identified as MDR, 4/21 as pre-XDR and 2/21 as XDR, with three isolates discarded due to low quality; the main sub-lineage was LAM (61.9%) and Haarlem (19%) but clades X, T and S were identified. Of the six pre-XDR and XDR strains, it is noteworthy that five come from females; four come from the LAM sub-lineage and two correspond to the X-class sub-lineage. A core genome of 3,750 genes, distributed in 295 subsystems, was determined. Among these, 64 proteins related to virulence and implicated in the pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis and 66 possible pharmacological targets stand out. Most variants result in nonsynonymous amino acid changes and the most frequent genotypes were identified as conferring resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid and streptomycin. However, an increase in the resistance to fluoroquinolones was detected. Conclusion This work shows for the first time the variability of circulating resistant strains between men and women in Ecuador, highlighting the usefulness of genomic sequencing for the identification of emerging resistance. In this regard, we found an increase in fluoroquinolone resistance. Further sampling effort is needed to determine the total variability and associations with the metadata obtained to generate better health policies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:09:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-390446d8db5b499aa1abf94fb18a2c7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:09:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj.art-390446d8db5b499aa1abf94fb18a2c7e2022-12-25T12:06:17ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642022-12-0123111610.1186/s12864-022-09042-1Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in EcuadorGabriel Morey-León0Derly Andrade-Molina1Juan Carlos Fernández-Cadena2Luisa Berná3Laboratorio de Interacciones Hospedero-Patógeno, Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de MontevideoLaboratorio de Ciencias Ómicas, Universidad Espíritu SantoLaboratorio de Ciencias Ómicas, Universidad Espíritu SantoLaboratorio de Interacciones Hospedero-Patógeno, Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de MontevideoAbstract Background Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease affecting millions of people. In spite of efforts to reduce the disease, increasing antibiotic resistance has contributed to persist in the top 10 causes of death worldwide. In fact, the increased cases of multi (MDR) and extreme drug resistance (XDR) worldwide remains the main challenge for tuberculosis control. Whole genome sequencing is a powerful tool for predicting drug resistance-related variants, studying lineages, tracking transmission, and defining outbreaks. This study presents the identification and characterization of resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis including a phylogenetic and molecular resistance profile study by sequencing the complete genome of 24 strains from different provinces of Ecuador. Results Genomic sequencing was used to identify the variants causing resistance. A total of 15/21 isolates were identified as MDR, 4/21 as pre-XDR and 2/21 as XDR, with three isolates discarded due to low quality; the main sub-lineage was LAM (61.9%) and Haarlem (19%) but clades X, T and S were identified. Of the six pre-XDR and XDR strains, it is noteworthy that five come from females; four come from the LAM sub-lineage and two correspond to the X-class sub-lineage. A core genome of 3,750 genes, distributed in 295 subsystems, was determined. Among these, 64 proteins related to virulence and implicated in the pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis and 66 possible pharmacological targets stand out. Most variants result in nonsynonymous amino acid changes and the most frequent genotypes were identified as conferring resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid and streptomycin. However, an increase in the resistance to fluoroquinolones was detected. Conclusion This work shows for the first time the variability of circulating resistant strains between men and women in Ecuador, highlighting the usefulness of genomic sequencing for the identification of emerging resistance. In this regard, we found an increase in fluoroquinolone resistance. Further sampling effort is needed to determine the total variability and associations with the metadata obtained to generate better health policies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-09042-1TuberculosisDrug-resistanceLineagesEcuadorPan Genome |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel Morey-León Derly Andrade-Molina Juan Carlos Fernández-Cadena Luisa Berná Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador BMC Genomics Tuberculosis Drug-resistance Lineages Ecuador Pan Genome |
| title | Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador |
| title_full | Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador |
| title_fullStr | Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador |
| title_short | Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador |
| title_sort | comparative genomics of drug resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis in ecuador |
| topic | Tuberculosis Drug-resistance Lineages Ecuador Pan Genome |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-09042-1 |
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