Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China
Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in host immunity and metabolic homeostasis. Although analyses of gut microbiotas have been used to assess host health and foster disease prevention and treatment, no comparative comprehensive study, assessing gut microbiotas among several species...
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PeerJ Inc.
2019-03-01
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| author | Bing Zhang Jing Ren Daode Yang Shuoran Liu Xinguo Gong |
| author_facet | Bing Zhang Jing Ren Daode Yang Shuoran Liu Xinguo Gong |
| author_sort | Bing Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in host immunity and metabolic homeostasis. Although analyses of gut microbiotas have been used to assess host health and foster disease prevention and treatment, no comparative comprehensive study, assessing gut microbiotas among several species of farmed snake, is yet available. In this study, we characterized and compared the gut microbiotas of four species of farmed snakes (Naja atra, Ptyas mucosa, Elaphe carinata, and Deinagkistrodon acutus) using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene in southern China and tested whether there was a relationship between gut microbiotal composition and host species. Results A total of 629 operational taxonomic units across 22 samples were detected. The five most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria, while the five most abundant genera were Bacteroides, Cetobacterium, Clostridium, Plesiomonas, and Paeniclostridium. This was the first report of the dominance of Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium in the snake gut. Our phylogenetic analysis recovered a relatively close relationship between Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Alpha diversity analysis indicated that species richness and diversity were highest in the gut microbiota of D. acutus and lowest in that of E. carinata. Significant differences in alpha diversity were detected among the four farmed snake species. The gut microbiotas of conspecifics were more similar to each other than to those of heterospecifics. Conclusion This study provides the first comparative study of gut microbiotas among several species of farmed snakes, and provides valuable data for the management of farmed snakes. In farmed snakes, host species affected the species composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:47:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3904527583a1460e9cb049dca643eb58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:47:03Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3904527583a1460e9cb049dca643eb582023-12-03T10:33:29ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592019-03-017e665810.7717/peerj.6658Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern ChinaBing Zhang0Jing Ren1Daode Yang2Shuoran Liu3Xinguo Gong4Institute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaInstitute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaInstitute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaInstitute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaQiyang Gong Xinguo Breeding Co., Ltd, Yongzhou, Hunan, ChinaBackground The gut microbiota plays an important role in host immunity and metabolic homeostasis. Although analyses of gut microbiotas have been used to assess host health and foster disease prevention and treatment, no comparative comprehensive study, assessing gut microbiotas among several species of farmed snake, is yet available. In this study, we characterized and compared the gut microbiotas of four species of farmed snakes (Naja atra, Ptyas mucosa, Elaphe carinata, and Deinagkistrodon acutus) using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene in southern China and tested whether there was a relationship between gut microbiotal composition and host species. Results A total of 629 operational taxonomic units across 22 samples were detected. The five most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria, while the five most abundant genera were Bacteroides, Cetobacterium, Clostridium, Plesiomonas, and Paeniclostridium. This was the first report of the dominance of Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium in the snake gut. Our phylogenetic analysis recovered a relatively close relationship between Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Alpha diversity analysis indicated that species richness and diversity were highest in the gut microbiota of D. acutus and lowest in that of E. carinata. Significant differences in alpha diversity were detected among the four farmed snake species. The gut microbiotas of conspecifics were more similar to each other than to those of heterospecifics. Conclusion This study provides the first comparative study of gut microbiotas among several species of farmed snakes, and provides valuable data for the management of farmed snakes. In farmed snakes, host species affected the species composition and diversity of the gut microbiota.https://peerj.com/articles/6658.pdfHost speciesGut microbiotaHigh-throughput sequencingFarmed snakesMicrobial diversity |
| spellingShingle | Bing Zhang Jing Ren Daode Yang Shuoran Liu Xinguo Gong Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China PeerJ Host species Gut microbiota High-throughput sequencing Farmed snakes Microbial diversity |
| title | Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China |
| title_full | Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China |
| title_fullStr | Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China |
| title_short | Comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern China |
| title_sort | comparative analysis and characterization of the gut microbiota of four farmed snakes from southern china |
| topic | Host species Gut microbiota High-throughput sequencing Farmed snakes Microbial diversity |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/6658.pdf |
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