Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils
Potassium (K) is a macronutrient required by plants for energy production, enzyme activation, formation of cell wall, production of protein, and photosynthesis. However, K in the soil solution is leached from the rhizosphere before it interacts with soil colloids because of the abundance of kaolinit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/10/2081 |
| _version_ | 1827680384864747520 |
|---|---|
| author | Puvan Paramisparam Osumanu Haruna Ahmed Latifah Omar Huck Ywih Ch’ng Prisca Divra Johan Nur Hidayah Hamidi |
| author_facet | Puvan Paramisparam Osumanu Haruna Ahmed Latifah Omar Huck Ywih Ch’ng Prisca Divra Johan Nur Hidayah Hamidi |
| author_sort | Puvan Paramisparam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Potassium (K) is a macronutrient required by plants for energy production, enzyme activation, formation of cell wall, production of protein, and photosynthesis. However, K in the soil solution is leached from the rhizosphere before it interacts with soil colloids because of the abundance of kaolinite clay minerals in mineral acid soils such as Ultisols and Oxisols. These soils are highly weathered, low in organic matter, low in pH, but high aluminium (Al), and iron (Fe) ions. As a result, K becomes unavailable for plants, and this affects crop production and farmers’ profitability. This problem has steered the attention to the application of amendments to minimise K loss. Animal manures, plant residues, and composts applications are some of the corrective measures taken to improve the K availability in tropical acid soils. However, there is dearth of information on co-application of charcoal and wood ash as soil amendments to improve the K availability and the changes they cause to the dynamic equilibrium of K in mineral acid soils. Hence, this review discusses the dynamics, availability of K, and proposed mechanisms involved when charcoal and wood ash are used to amend tropical acid soils. The optimisation and understanding of the role of charcoal and wood ash co-application as soil amendments have potential benefits to improve the K availability and physicochemical properties of mineral acid soils. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:47:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3928674ad7f345ed99600f9892914cdc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:47:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-3928674ad7f345ed99600f9892914cdc2023-11-22T17:08:00ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-10-011110208110.3390/agronomy11102081Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid SoilsPuvan Paramisparam0Osumanu Haruna Ahmed1Latifah Omar2Huck Ywih Ch’ng3Prisca Divra Johan4Nur Hidayah Hamidi5Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Jeli Campus, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli 17600, MalaysiaDepartment of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaPotassium (K) is a macronutrient required by plants for energy production, enzyme activation, formation of cell wall, production of protein, and photosynthesis. However, K in the soil solution is leached from the rhizosphere before it interacts with soil colloids because of the abundance of kaolinite clay minerals in mineral acid soils such as Ultisols and Oxisols. These soils are highly weathered, low in organic matter, low in pH, but high aluminium (Al), and iron (Fe) ions. As a result, K becomes unavailable for plants, and this affects crop production and farmers’ profitability. This problem has steered the attention to the application of amendments to minimise K loss. Animal manures, plant residues, and composts applications are some of the corrective measures taken to improve the K availability in tropical acid soils. However, there is dearth of information on co-application of charcoal and wood ash as soil amendments to improve the K availability and the changes they cause to the dynamic equilibrium of K in mineral acid soils. Hence, this review discusses the dynamics, availability of K, and proposed mechanisms involved when charcoal and wood ash are used to amend tropical acid soils. The optimisation and understanding of the role of charcoal and wood ash co-application as soil amendments have potential benefits to improve the K availability and physicochemical properties of mineral acid soils.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/10/2081deprotonationchelationsorption capacityfunctional groupskaoliniteneutralising compounds |
| spellingShingle | Puvan Paramisparam Osumanu Haruna Ahmed Latifah Omar Huck Ywih Ch’ng Prisca Divra Johan Nur Hidayah Hamidi Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils Agronomy deprotonation chelation sorption capacity functional groups kaolinite neutralising compounds |
| title | Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils |
| title_full | Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils |
| title_fullStr | Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils |
| title_short | Co-Application of Charcoal and Wood Ash to Improve Potassium Availability in Tropical Mineral Acid Soils |
| title_sort | co application of charcoal and wood ash to improve potassium availability in tropical mineral acid soils |
| topic | deprotonation chelation sorption capacity functional groups kaolinite neutralising compounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/10/2081 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT puvanparamisparam coapplicationofcharcoalandwoodashtoimprovepotassiumavailabilityintropicalmineralacidsoils AT osumanuharunaahmed coapplicationofcharcoalandwoodashtoimprovepotassiumavailabilityintropicalmineralacidsoils AT latifahomar coapplicationofcharcoalandwoodashtoimprovepotassiumavailabilityintropicalmineralacidsoils AT huckywihchng coapplicationofcharcoalandwoodashtoimprovepotassiumavailabilityintropicalmineralacidsoils AT priscadivrajohan coapplicationofcharcoalandwoodashtoimprovepotassiumavailabilityintropicalmineralacidsoils AT nurhidayahhamidi coapplicationofcharcoalandwoodashtoimprovepotassiumavailabilityintropicalmineralacidsoils |