Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology
Submarine volcanic eruptions and intrusions construct new oceanic crust and build long chains of volcanic islands and vast submarine plateaus. Magmatic events are a primary agent for the transfer of heat, chemicals, and even microbes from the crust to the ocean, but the processes that control these...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Oceanography Society
2012-03-01
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| Series: | Oceanography |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://tos.org/oceanography/archive/25-1_baker.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828542597186977792 |
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| author | Edward T. Baker William W. Chadwick Jr. James P. Cowen Robert P. Dziak Kenneth H. Rubin Daniel J. Fornari |
| author_facet | Edward T. Baker William W. Chadwick Jr. James P. Cowen Robert P. Dziak Kenneth H. Rubin Daniel J. Fornari |
| author_sort | Edward T. Baker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Submarine volcanic eruptions and intrusions construct new oceanic crust and build long chains of volcanic islands and vast submarine plateaus. Magmatic events are a primary agent for the transfer of heat, chemicals, and even microbes from the crust to the ocean, but the processes that control these transfers are poorly understood. The 1980s discovery that mid-ocean ridge eruptions are often associated with brief releases of immense volumes of hot fluids ("event plumes") spurred interest in methods for detecting the onset of eruptions or intrusions and for rapidly organizing seagoing response efforts. Since then, some 35 magmatic events have been recognized and responded to on mid-ocean ridges and at seamounts in both volcanic arc and intraplate settings. Field responses at mid-ocean ridges have found that event plumes occur over a wide range of eruption styles and sizes, and thus may be a common consequence of ridge eruptions. The source(s) of event plume fluids are still debated. Eruptions detected at ridges generally have high effusion rates and short durations (hours to days), whereas field responses at arc volcanic cones have found eruptions with very low effusion rates and durations on the scale of years. New approaches to the study of submarine magmatic events include the development of autonomous vehicles for detection and response, and the establishment of permanent seafloor observatories at likely future eruption sites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T01:59:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-392b495fb74e49bf87436a8261ffacb1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1042-8275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T01:59:48Z |
| publishDate | 2012-03-01 |
| publisher | The Oceanography Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oceanography |
| spelling | doaj.art-392b495fb74e49bf87436a8261ffacb12022-12-22T00:42:13ZengThe Oceanography SocietyOceanography1042-82752012-03-01251128141Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New TechnologyEdward T. BakerWilliam W. Chadwick Jr.James P. CowenRobert P. DziakKenneth H. RubinDaniel J. FornariSubmarine volcanic eruptions and intrusions construct new oceanic crust and build long chains of volcanic islands and vast submarine plateaus. Magmatic events are a primary agent for the transfer of heat, chemicals, and even microbes from the crust to the ocean, but the processes that control these transfers are poorly understood. The 1980s discovery that mid-ocean ridge eruptions are often associated with brief releases of immense volumes of hot fluids ("event plumes") spurred interest in methods for detecting the onset of eruptions or intrusions and for rapidly organizing seagoing response efforts. Since then, some 35 magmatic events have been recognized and responded to on mid-ocean ridges and at seamounts in both volcanic arc and intraplate settings. Field responses at mid-ocean ridges have found that event plumes occur over a wide range of eruption styles and sizes, and thus may be a common consequence of ridge eruptions. The source(s) of event plume fluids are still debated. Eruptions detected at ridges generally have high effusion rates and short durations (hours to days), whereas field responses at arc volcanic cones have found eruptions with very low effusion rates and durations on the scale of years. New approaches to the study of submarine magmatic events include the development of autonomous vehicles for detection and response, and the establishment of permanent seafloor observatories at likely future eruption sites.http://tos.org/oceanography/archive/25-1_baker.pdfRidge 2000mid-ocean ridgesspreading centerssubmarine volcanic eruptionsoceanic crust |
| spellingShingle | Edward T. Baker William W. Chadwick Jr. James P. Cowen Robert P. Dziak Kenneth H. Rubin Daniel J. Fornari Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology Oceanography Ridge 2000 mid-ocean ridges spreading centers submarine volcanic eruptions oceanic crust |
| title | Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology |
| title_full | Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology |
| title_fullStr | Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology |
| title_short | Hydrothermal Discharge During Submarine Eruptions: The Importance of Detection, Response, and New Technology |
| title_sort | hydrothermal discharge during submarine eruptions the importance of detection response and new technology |
| topic | Ridge 2000 mid-ocean ridges spreading centers submarine volcanic eruptions oceanic crust |
| url | http://tos.org/oceanography/archive/25-1_baker.pdf |
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