The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells
To increase the specific capacity of anodes for lithium-ion cells, advanced active materials, such as silicon, can be utilized. Silicon has an order of magnitude higher specific capacity compared to the state-of-the-art anode material graphite; therefore, it is a promising candidate to achieve this...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/12/3448 |
| _version_ | 1797501895289339904 |
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| author | Alexandra Meyer Fabian Ball Wilhelm Pfleging |
| author_facet | Alexandra Meyer Fabian Ball Wilhelm Pfleging |
| author_sort | Alexandra Meyer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To increase the specific capacity of anodes for lithium-ion cells, advanced active materials, such as silicon, can be utilized. Silicon has an order of magnitude higher specific capacity compared to the state-of-the-art anode material graphite; therefore, it is a promising candidate to achieve this target. In this study, different types of silicon nanopowders were introduced as active material for the manufacturing of composite silicon/graphite electrodes. The materials were selected from different suppliers providing different grades of purity and different grain sizes. The slurry preparation, including binder, additives, and active material, was established using a ball milling device and coating was performed via tape casting on a thin copper current collector foil. Composite electrodes with an areal capacity of approximately 1.70 mAh/cm² were deposited. Reference electrodes without silicon were prepared in the same manner, and they showed slightly lower areal capacities. High repetition rate, ultrafast laser ablation was applied to these high-power electrodes in order to introduce line structures with a periodicity of 200 µm. The electrochemical performance of the anodes was evaluated as rate capability and operational lifetime measurements including pouch cells with NMC 622 as counter electrodes. For the silicon/graphite composite electrodes with the best performance, up to 200 full cycles at a C-rate of 1C were achieved until end of life was reached at 80% relative capacity. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopies were conducted as a function of state of health to correlate the used silicon grade with solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and charge transfer resistance values. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:25:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39315d3c96814c48be167f9c0704e6d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:25:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-39315d3c96814c48be167f9c0704e6d52023-11-23T09:52:45ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-12-011112344810.3390/nano11123448The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion CellsAlexandra Meyer0Fabian Ball1Wilhelm Pfleging2Institute for Applied Materials-Applied Materials Physics (IAM-AWP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyInstitute for Applied Materials-Applied Materials Physics (IAM-AWP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyInstitute for Applied Materials-Applied Materials Physics (IAM-AWP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyTo increase the specific capacity of anodes for lithium-ion cells, advanced active materials, such as silicon, can be utilized. Silicon has an order of magnitude higher specific capacity compared to the state-of-the-art anode material graphite; therefore, it is a promising candidate to achieve this target. In this study, different types of silicon nanopowders were introduced as active material for the manufacturing of composite silicon/graphite electrodes. The materials were selected from different suppliers providing different grades of purity and different grain sizes. The slurry preparation, including binder, additives, and active material, was established using a ball milling device and coating was performed via tape casting on a thin copper current collector foil. Composite electrodes with an areal capacity of approximately 1.70 mAh/cm² were deposited. Reference electrodes without silicon were prepared in the same manner, and they showed slightly lower areal capacities. High repetition rate, ultrafast laser ablation was applied to these high-power electrodes in order to introduce line structures with a periodicity of 200 µm. The electrochemical performance of the anodes was evaluated as rate capability and operational lifetime measurements including pouch cells with NMC 622 as counter electrodes. For the silicon/graphite composite electrodes with the best performance, up to 200 full cycles at a C-rate of 1C were achieved until end of life was reached at 80% relative capacity. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopies were conducted as a function of state of health to correlate the used silicon grade with solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and charge transfer resistance values.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/12/3448lithium-ion batteryelectrode developmentsilicon anodelaser patterningelectrochemical impedance spectroscopygalvanostatic characterization |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Meyer Fabian Ball Wilhelm Pfleging The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells Nanomaterials lithium-ion battery electrode development silicon anode laser patterning electrochemical impedance spectroscopy galvanostatic characterization |
| title | The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells |
| title_full | The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells |
| title_short | The Effect of Silicon Grade and Electrode Architecture on the Performance of Advanced Anodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Cells |
| title_sort | effect of silicon grade and electrode architecture on the performance of advanced anodes for next generation lithium ion cells |
| topic | lithium-ion battery electrode development silicon anode laser patterning electrochemical impedance spectroscopy galvanostatic characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/12/3448 |
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