Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes
Sesame is predominantly cultivated in rainfed and low fertile lands and is frequently exposed to terminal drought. Sesamum species inhabiting dryland ecosystems adaptively diverge from those inhabiting rainfed habitats, and drought-specific traits have a genetic basis. In sesame, traits associated w...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.739896/full |
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| author | Brij Bihari Pandey Brij Bihari Pandey P. Ratnakumar B. Usha Kiran Mangesh Y. Dudhe G. Sowjanya Lakshmi G. Sowjanya Lakshmi Kulasekaran Ramesh Arti Guhey |
| author_facet | Brij Bihari Pandey Brij Bihari Pandey P. Ratnakumar B. Usha Kiran Mangesh Y. Dudhe G. Sowjanya Lakshmi G. Sowjanya Lakshmi Kulasekaran Ramesh Arti Guhey |
| author_sort | Brij Bihari Pandey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sesame is predominantly cultivated in rainfed and low fertile lands and is frequently exposed to terminal drought. Sesamum species inhabiting dryland ecosystems adaptively diverge from those inhabiting rainfed habitats, and drought-specific traits have a genetic basis. In sesame, traits associated with drought conditions have not been explored to date, yet studies of these traits are needed given that drought is predicted to become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world because of climate change. Here, 76 accessions from the available Indian core set were used to quantify variation in several traits under irrigated (WW) and terminal drought stress (WS) conditions as well as their association with seed yield over two consecutive years. The range of trait variation among the studied genotypes under WW and WS was significant. Furthermore, the traits associated with seed yield under WW and WS differed. The per se performance of the accessions indicated that the expression of most traits was reduced under WS. The correlation analysis revealed that the number of branches, leaf area (LA), leaves dry weight (LDW), number of capsules plant–1, and harvest index (HI) were positively correlated with seed yield under WW and WS, and total dry matter (TDM), plant stem weight, and canopy temperature (CT) were negatively correlated with seed yield under WW and WS, indicating that smaller and cooler canopy genotypes had higher yields. The genotypes IC-131936, IC-204045, IC-204861, IC-205363, IC-205311, and IC-73576 with the highest seed yields were characterized by low canopy temperature, high relative water content, and high harvest index under WS. Phenotypic and molecular diversity analysis was conducted on genotypes along with checks. Phenotypic diversity was assessed using multivariate analysis, whereas molecular diversity was estimated using simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci to facilitate the use of sesame in breeding and genetic mapping. SSRs showed low allelic variation, as indicated by a low average number of alleles (2.31) per locus, gene diversity (0.25), and polymorphism information content (0.22). Cluster analysis (CA) [neighbor-joining (NJ) tree] revealed three major genotypic groups and structure analysis showed 4 populations. The diverse genotypes identified with promising morpho-physiological traits can be used in breeding programs to develop new varieties. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:09:32Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-393b9d5e5f1e4523a9334f77013b223f2022-12-21T21:32:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-12-011210.3389/fpls.2021.739896739896Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) GenotypesBrij Bihari Pandey0Brij Bihari Pandey1P. Ratnakumar2B. Usha Kiran3Mangesh Y. Dudhe4G. Sowjanya Lakshmi5G. Sowjanya Lakshmi6Kulasekaran Ramesh7Arti Guhey8Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, IndiaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, IndiaIndian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, IndiaIndian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, IndiaIndian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, IndiaIndian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, IndiaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, IndiaIndian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, IndiaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, IndiaSesame is predominantly cultivated in rainfed and low fertile lands and is frequently exposed to terminal drought. Sesamum species inhabiting dryland ecosystems adaptively diverge from those inhabiting rainfed habitats, and drought-specific traits have a genetic basis. In sesame, traits associated with drought conditions have not been explored to date, yet studies of these traits are needed given that drought is predicted to become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world because of climate change. Here, 76 accessions from the available Indian core set were used to quantify variation in several traits under irrigated (WW) and terminal drought stress (WS) conditions as well as their association with seed yield over two consecutive years. The range of trait variation among the studied genotypes under WW and WS was significant. Furthermore, the traits associated with seed yield under WW and WS differed. The per se performance of the accessions indicated that the expression of most traits was reduced under WS. The correlation analysis revealed that the number of branches, leaf area (LA), leaves dry weight (LDW), number of capsules plant–1, and harvest index (HI) were positively correlated with seed yield under WW and WS, and total dry matter (TDM), plant stem weight, and canopy temperature (CT) were negatively correlated with seed yield under WW and WS, indicating that smaller and cooler canopy genotypes had higher yields. The genotypes IC-131936, IC-204045, IC-204861, IC-205363, IC-205311, and IC-73576 with the highest seed yields were characterized by low canopy temperature, high relative water content, and high harvest index under WS. Phenotypic and molecular diversity analysis was conducted on genotypes along with checks. Phenotypic diversity was assessed using multivariate analysis, whereas molecular diversity was estimated using simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci to facilitate the use of sesame in breeding and genetic mapping. SSRs showed low allelic variation, as indicated by a low average number of alleles (2.31) per locus, gene diversity (0.25), and polymorphism information content (0.22). Cluster analysis (CA) [neighbor-joining (NJ) tree] revealed three major genotypic groups and structure analysis showed 4 populations. The diverse genotypes identified with promising morpho-physiological traits can be used in breeding programs to develop new varieties.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.739896/fullsesametraits associationsgenetic diversitySSRsterminal drought |
| spellingShingle | Brij Bihari Pandey Brij Bihari Pandey P. Ratnakumar B. Usha Kiran Mangesh Y. Dudhe G. Sowjanya Lakshmi G. Sowjanya Lakshmi Kulasekaran Ramesh Arti Guhey Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes Frontiers in Plant Science sesame traits associations genetic diversity SSRs terminal drought |
| title | Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes |
| title_full | Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes |
| title_fullStr | Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes |
| title_short | Identifying Traits Associated With Terminal Drought Tolerance in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes |
| title_sort | identifying traits associated with terminal drought tolerance in sesame sesamum indicum l genotypes |
| topic | sesame traits associations genetic diversity SSRs terminal drought |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.739896/full |
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