Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an integral part of the management of various cardiovascular disease such as coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), or chronic heart failure (CHF), with proven morbidity and mortality benefits. This article aims to review and summarize the scie...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/2/416 |
| _version_ | 1797492952302354432 |
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| author | Razvan Anghel Cristina Andreea Adam Dragos Traian Marius Marcu Ovidiu Mitu Florin Mitu |
| author_facet | Razvan Anghel Cristina Andreea Adam Dragos Traian Marius Marcu Ovidiu Mitu Florin Mitu |
| author_sort | Razvan Anghel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an integral part of the management of various cardiovascular disease such as coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), or chronic heart failure (CHF), with proven morbidity and mortality benefits. This article aims to review and summarize the scientific literature related to cardiac rehabilitation programs for patients with PAD and how they were adapted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of CR programs has been problematic since the COVID-19 pandemic due to social distancing and work-related restrictions. One of the main challenges for physicians and health systems alike has been the management of PAD patients. COVID-19 predisposes to coagulation disorders that can lead to severe thrombotic events. Home-based walking exercises are more accessible and easier to accept than supervised exercise programs. Cycling or other forms of exercise are more entertaining or challenging alternatives to exercise therapy. Besides treadmill exercises, upper- and lower-extremity ergometry also has great functional benefits, especially regarding walking endurance. Supervised exercise therapy has a positive impact on both functional capacity and also on the quality of life of such patients. The most effective manner to acquire this seems to be by combining revascularization therapy and supervised exercise. Rehabilitation programs proved to be a mandatory part of the integrative approach in these cases, increasing quality of life, and decreasing stress levels, depression, and anxiety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:13:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-394531f57865490ba331349cbefa9b1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:13:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-394531f57865490ba331349cbefa9b1a2023-11-23T14:13:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-01-0111241610.3390/jcm11020416Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 EraRazvan Anghel0Cristina Andreea Adam1Dragos Traian Marius Marcu2Ovidiu Mitu3Florin Mitu4Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Pantelimon Halipa Street nr 14, 700661 Iasi, RomaniaClinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Pantelimon Halipa Street nr 14, 700661 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street nr 16, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street nr 16, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaClinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Pantelimon Halipa Street nr 14, 700661 Iasi, RomaniaCardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an integral part of the management of various cardiovascular disease such as coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), or chronic heart failure (CHF), with proven morbidity and mortality benefits. This article aims to review and summarize the scientific literature related to cardiac rehabilitation programs for patients with PAD and how they were adapted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of CR programs has been problematic since the COVID-19 pandemic due to social distancing and work-related restrictions. One of the main challenges for physicians and health systems alike has been the management of PAD patients. COVID-19 predisposes to coagulation disorders that can lead to severe thrombotic events. Home-based walking exercises are more accessible and easier to accept than supervised exercise programs. Cycling or other forms of exercise are more entertaining or challenging alternatives to exercise therapy. Besides treadmill exercises, upper- and lower-extremity ergometry also has great functional benefits, especially regarding walking endurance. Supervised exercise therapy has a positive impact on both functional capacity and also on the quality of life of such patients. The most effective manner to acquire this seems to be by combining revascularization therapy and supervised exercise. Rehabilitation programs proved to be a mandatory part of the integrative approach in these cases, increasing quality of life, and decreasing stress levels, depression, and anxiety.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/2/416cardiac rehabilitationperipheral artery diseaseCOVID-19intermittent claudicationquality of lifereview |
| spellingShingle | Razvan Anghel Cristina Andreea Adam Dragos Traian Marius Marcu Ovidiu Mitu Florin Mitu Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era Journal of Clinical Medicine cardiac rehabilitation peripheral artery disease COVID-19 intermittent claudication quality of life review |
| title | Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era |
| title_full | Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era |
| title_fullStr | Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era |
| title_short | Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Literature Review in COVID-19 Era |
| title_sort | cardiac rehabilitation in patients with peripheral artery disease a literature review in covid 19 era |
| topic | cardiac rehabilitation peripheral artery disease COVID-19 intermittent claudication quality of life review |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/2/416 |
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