Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation
Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in approximately 13% of hospitalized patients and predisposes patients to chronic kidney disease (CKD) through the AKI-to-CKD transition. Studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that maladaptive repair of proximal tubule cells (PTCs), including induc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Clinical Investigation
2022-12-01
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| Series: | The Journal of Clinical Investigation |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI158096 |
| _version_ | 1827768171098013696 |
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| author | Kensei Taguchi Bertha C. Elias Sho Sugahara Snehal Sant Benjamin S. Freedman Sushrut S. Waikar Ambra Pozzi Roy Zent Raymond C. Harris Samir M. Parikh Craig R. Brooks |
| author_facet | Kensei Taguchi Bertha C. Elias Sho Sugahara Snehal Sant Benjamin S. Freedman Sushrut S. Waikar Ambra Pozzi Roy Zent Raymond C. Harris Samir M. Parikh Craig R. Brooks |
| author_sort | Kensei Taguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in approximately 13% of hospitalized patients and predisposes patients to chronic kidney disease (CKD) through the AKI-to-CKD transition. Studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that maladaptive repair of proximal tubule cells (PTCs), including induction of dedifferentiation, G2/M cell cycle arrest, senescence, and profibrotic cytokine secretion, is a key process promoting AKI-to-CKD transition, kidney fibrosis, and CKD progression. The molecular mechanisms governing maladaptive repair and the relative contribution of dedifferentiation, G2/M arrest, and senescence to CKD remain to be resolved. We identified cyclin G1 (CG1) as a factor upregulated in chronically injured and maladaptively repaired PTCs. We demonstrated that global deletion of CG1 inhibits G2/M arrest and fibrosis. Pharmacological induction of G2/M arrest in CG1-knockout mice, however, did not fully reverse the antifibrotic phenotype. Knockout of CG1 did not alter dedifferentiation and proliferation in the adaptive repair response following AKI. Instead, CG1 specifically promoted the prolonged dedifferentiation of kidney tubule epithelial cells observed in CKD. Mechanistically, CG1 promotes dedifferentiation through activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5). Deletion of CDK5 in kidney tubule cells did not prevent G2/M arrest but did inhibit dedifferentiation and fibrosis. Thus, CG1 and CDK5 represent a unique pathway that regulates maladaptive, but not adaptive, dedifferentiation, suggesting they could be therapeutic targets for CKD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:09:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39476cd2216a4f49b97538bd93095fed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1558-8238 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:09:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Clinical Investigation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Journal of Clinical Investigation |
| spelling | doaj.art-39476cd2216a4f49b97538bd93095fed2023-11-07T16:19:33ZengAmerican Society for Clinical InvestigationThe Journal of Clinical Investigation1558-82382022-12-0113223Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activationKensei TaguchiBertha C. EliasSho SugaharaSnehal SantBenjamin S. FreedmanSushrut S. WaikarAmbra PozziRoy ZentRaymond C. HarrisSamir M. ParikhCraig R. BrooksAcute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in approximately 13% of hospitalized patients and predisposes patients to chronic kidney disease (CKD) through the AKI-to-CKD transition. Studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that maladaptive repair of proximal tubule cells (PTCs), including induction of dedifferentiation, G2/M cell cycle arrest, senescence, and profibrotic cytokine secretion, is a key process promoting AKI-to-CKD transition, kidney fibrosis, and CKD progression. The molecular mechanisms governing maladaptive repair and the relative contribution of dedifferentiation, G2/M arrest, and senescence to CKD remain to be resolved. We identified cyclin G1 (CG1) as a factor upregulated in chronically injured and maladaptively repaired PTCs. We demonstrated that global deletion of CG1 inhibits G2/M arrest and fibrosis. Pharmacological induction of G2/M arrest in CG1-knockout mice, however, did not fully reverse the antifibrotic phenotype. Knockout of CG1 did not alter dedifferentiation and proliferation in the adaptive repair response following AKI. Instead, CG1 specifically promoted the prolonged dedifferentiation of kidney tubule epithelial cells observed in CKD. Mechanistically, CG1 promotes dedifferentiation through activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5). Deletion of CDK5 in kidney tubule cells did not prevent G2/M arrest but did inhibit dedifferentiation and fibrosis. Thus, CG1 and CDK5 represent a unique pathway that regulates maladaptive, but not adaptive, dedifferentiation, suggesting they could be therapeutic targets for CKD.https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI158096Nephrology |
| spellingShingle | Kensei Taguchi Bertha C. Elias Sho Sugahara Snehal Sant Benjamin S. Freedman Sushrut S. Waikar Ambra Pozzi Roy Zent Raymond C. Harris Samir M. Parikh Craig R. Brooks Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation The Journal of Clinical Investigation Nephrology |
| title | Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation |
| title_full | Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation |
| title_fullStr | Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation |
| title_short | Cyclin G1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through CDK5 activation |
| title_sort | cyclin g1 induces maladaptive proximal tubule cell dedifferentiation and renal fibrosis through cdk5 activation |
| topic | Nephrology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI158096 |
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