Preclinical Autoimmune Disease: a Comparison of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Multiple Sclerosis and Type 1 Diabetes
The preclinical phase of autoimmune disorders is characterized by an initial asymptomatic phase of varying length followed by nonspecific signs and symptoms. A variety of autoimmune and inflammatory manifestations can be present and tend to increase in the last months to years before a clinical diag...
Main Authors: | Giulia Frazzei, Ronald F. van Vollenhoven, Brigit A. de Jong, Sarah E. Siegelaar, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.899372/full |
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