Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2)
Various adverse events and complications have been attributed to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccinations, which can affect the cardiovascular system, with conditions such as myocarditis, thrombosis, and ischemia. The aim of this study was to combine noninvasive pulse measurements and freque...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/20/6119 |
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| author | Chun-Chao Chen Che-Kai Chang Chun-Chih Chiu Tsung-Yeh Yang Wen-Rui Hao Cheng-Hsin Lin Yu-Ann Fang William Jian Min-Huei Hsu Tsung-Lin Yang Ju-Chi Liu Hsin Hsiu |
| author_facet | Chun-Chao Chen Che-Kai Chang Chun-Chih Chiu Tsung-Yeh Yang Wen-Rui Hao Cheng-Hsin Lin Yu-Ann Fang William Jian Min-Huei Hsu Tsung-Lin Yang Ju-Chi Liu Hsin Hsiu |
| author_sort | Chun-Chao Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Various adverse events and complications have been attributed to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccinations, which can affect the cardiovascular system, with conditions such as myocarditis, thrombosis, and ischemia. The aim of this study was to combine noninvasive pulse measurements and frequency domain analysis to determine if the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2)</span> vaccination and its accompanying cardiovascular side effects will induce changes in arterial pulse transmission and waveform. Radial blood pressure waveform and photoplethysmography signals were measured noninvasively for 1 min in 112 subjects who visited Shuang-Ho Hospital for a BNT162b2 vaccination. Based on side effects, each subject was assigned to Group N (no side effects), Group CV (cardiac or vascular side effects), Group C (cardiac side effects only), or Group V (vascular side effects only). Two classification methods were used: (1) machine-learning (ML) analysis using 40 harmonic pulse indices (amplitude proportions, phase angles, and their variability indices) as features, and (2) a pulse-variability score analysis developed in the present study. Significant effects on the pulse harmonic indices were noted in Group V following vaccination. ML and pulse-variability score analyses provided acceptable AUCs (0.67 and 0.80, respectively) and hence can aid discriminations among subjects with cardiovascular side effects. When excluding ambiguous data points, the AUC of the score analysis further improved to 0.94 (with an adopted proportion of around 64.1%) for vascular side effects. The present findings may help to facilitate a time-saving and easy-to-use method for detecting changes in the vascular properties associated with the cardiovascular side effects following BNT162b2 vaccination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:35:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3951c994176043868f997ed0902212cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:35:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-3951c994176043868f997ed0902212cb2023-12-03T14:48:32ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-10-011120611910.3390/jcm11206119Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2)Chun-Chao Chen0Che-Kai Chang1Chun-Chih Chiu2Tsung-Yeh Yang3Wen-Rui Hao4Cheng-Hsin Lin5Yu-Ann Fang6William Jian7Min-Huei Hsu8Tsung-Lin Yang9Ju-Chi Liu10Hsin Hsiu11Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, TaiwanTaipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, TaiwanDepartment of Emergency, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USAGraduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanTaipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, TaiwanVarious adverse events and complications have been attributed to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccinations, which can affect the cardiovascular system, with conditions such as myocarditis, thrombosis, and ischemia. The aim of this study was to combine noninvasive pulse measurements and frequency domain analysis to determine if the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2)</span> vaccination and its accompanying cardiovascular side effects will induce changes in arterial pulse transmission and waveform. Radial blood pressure waveform and photoplethysmography signals were measured noninvasively for 1 min in 112 subjects who visited Shuang-Ho Hospital for a BNT162b2 vaccination. Based on side effects, each subject was assigned to Group N (no side effects), Group CV (cardiac or vascular side effects), Group C (cardiac side effects only), or Group V (vascular side effects only). Two classification methods were used: (1) machine-learning (ML) analysis using 40 harmonic pulse indices (amplitude proportions, phase angles, and their variability indices) as features, and (2) a pulse-variability score analysis developed in the present study. Significant effects on the pulse harmonic indices were noted in Group V following vaccination. ML and pulse-variability score analyses provided acceptable AUCs (0.67 and 0.80, respectively) and hence can aid discriminations among subjects with cardiovascular side effects. When excluding ambiguous data points, the AUC of the score analysis further improved to 0.94 (with an adopted proportion of around 64.1%) for vascular side effects. The present findings may help to facilitate a time-saving and easy-to-use method for detecting changes in the vascular properties associated with the cardiovascular side effects following BNT162b2 vaccination.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/20/6119COVID-19 vaccineside effectspulsespectral analysismachine learningcardiovascular variability |
| spellingShingle | Chun-Chao Chen Che-Kai Chang Chun-Chih Chiu Tsung-Yeh Yang Wen-Rui Hao Cheng-Hsin Lin Yu-Ann Fang William Jian Min-Huei Hsu Tsung-Lin Yang Ju-Chi Liu Hsin Hsiu Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) Journal of Clinical Medicine COVID-19 vaccine side effects pulse spectral analysis machine learning cardiovascular variability |
| title | Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) |
| title_full | Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) |
| title_fullStr | Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) |
| title_short | Machine Learning Analyses Revealed Distinct Arterial Pulse Variability According to Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) |
| title_sort | machine learning analyses revealed distinct arterial pulse variability according to side effects of pfizer biontech covid 19 vaccine bnt162b2 |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccine side effects pulse spectral analysis machine learning cardiovascular variability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/20/6119 |
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