Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium
Background Azo dyes are recalcitrant organic pollutants present in textile industry effluents. Conventional treatment methods to remove them come with a range of disadvantages. Nanoparticles and their nanocomposites offer more efficient, less expensive and easy to handle wastewater treatment alterna...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PeerJ Inc.
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | PeerJ |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/14358.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797417565855678464 |
|---|---|
| author | Hajra Ahsan Muhammad Shahid Muhammad Imran Faisal Mahmood Muhammad Hussnain Siddique Hayssam M. Ali Muhammad B.K. Niazi Sabir Hussain Muhammad Shahbaz Mudassar Ayyub Tanvir Shahzad |
| author_facet | Hajra Ahsan Muhammad Shahid Muhammad Imran Faisal Mahmood Muhammad Hussnain Siddique Hayssam M. Ali Muhammad B.K. Niazi Sabir Hussain Muhammad Shahbaz Mudassar Ayyub Tanvir Shahzad |
| author_sort | Hajra Ahsan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Azo dyes are recalcitrant organic pollutants present in textile industry effluents. Conventional treatment methods to remove them come with a range of disadvantages. Nanoparticles and their nanocomposites offer more efficient, less expensive and easy to handle wastewater treatment alternative. Methods In this study, nanoparticles of nickel oxide (NiO-NPs), copper oxide (CuO-NPs) and their nanocomposite (NiO/CuO-NC) were synthesized using co-precipitation method. The functional groups present on the surface of synthesized nanomaterials were verified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) whereas purity, shape and size of the crystallite were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The potential of these nanomaterials to degrade three dyes i.e., Reactive Red-2 (RR-2), Reactive Black-5 (RB-5) and Orange II sodium salt (OII) azo dyes, was determined in an aqueous medium under visible light (photocatalysis). The photodegradation effectiveness of all nanomaterials was evaluated under different factors like nanomaterial dose (0.02–0.1 g 10 mL−1), concentration of dyes (20–100 mg L−1), and irradiation time (60–120 min). They were also assessed for their potential to adsorb RR-2 and OII dyes. Results Results revealed that at optimum concentration (60 mgL−1) of RR-2, RB-5, and OII dyes, NiO-NPs degraded 90, 82 and 83%, CuO-NPs degraded 49, 34, and 44%, whereas the nanocomposite NiO/CuO-NC degraded 92, 93, and 96% of the said dyes respectively. The nanomaterials were categorized as the efficient degraders of the dyes in the order: NiO/CuO-NC > NiO-NPs > CuO-NPs. The highest degradation potential shown by the nanocomposite was attributed to its large surface area, small particles size, and quick reactions which were proved by advance analytical techniques. The equilibrium and kinetic adsorption of RR-2 and OII on NiO-NPs, CuO-NPs, and NiO/CuO-NC were well explained with Langmuir and Pseudo second order model, respectively (R2 ≥ 0.96). The maximum RR-2 adsorption (103 mg/g) was obtained with NiO/CuO-NC. It is concluded that nanocomposites are more efficient and promising for the dyes degradation from industrial wastewater as compared with dyes adsorption onto individual NPs. Thus, the nanocomposite NiO/CuO-NC can be an excellent candidate for photodegradation as well as the adsorption of the dyes in aqueous media. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:21:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-396d54d3b1254957b5d6e30b61536a30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:21:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-396d54d3b1254957b5d6e30b61536a302023-12-03T11:36:52ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592022-11-0110e1435810.7717/peerj.14358Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous mediumHajra Ahsan0Muhammad Shahid1Muhammad Imran2Faisal Mahmood3Muhammad Hussnain Siddique4Hayssam M. Ali5Muhammad B.K. Niazi6Sabir Hussain7Muhammad Shahbaz8Mudassar Ayyub9Tanvir Shahzad10Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanCentre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund University, Lund, SwedenDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanBackground Azo dyes are recalcitrant organic pollutants present in textile industry effluents. Conventional treatment methods to remove them come with a range of disadvantages. Nanoparticles and their nanocomposites offer more efficient, less expensive and easy to handle wastewater treatment alternative. Methods In this study, nanoparticles of nickel oxide (NiO-NPs), copper oxide (CuO-NPs) and their nanocomposite (NiO/CuO-NC) were synthesized using co-precipitation method. The functional groups present on the surface of synthesized nanomaterials were verified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) whereas purity, shape and size of the crystallite were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The potential of these nanomaterials to degrade three dyes i.e., Reactive Red-2 (RR-2), Reactive Black-5 (RB-5) and Orange II sodium salt (OII) azo dyes, was determined in an aqueous medium under visible light (photocatalysis). The photodegradation effectiveness of all nanomaterials was evaluated under different factors like nanomaterial dose (0.02–0.1 g 10 mL−1), concentration of dyes (20–100 mg L−1), and irradiation time (60–120 min). They were also assessed for their potential to adsorb RR-2 and OII dyes. Results Results revealed that at optimum concentration (60 mgL−1) of RR-2, RB-5, and OII dyes, NiO-NPs degraded 90, 82 and 83%, CuO-NPs degraded 49, 34, and 44%, whereas the nanocomposite NiO/CuO-NC degraded 92, 93, and 96% of the said dyes respectively. The nanomaterials were categorized as the efficient degraders of the dyes in the order: NiO/CuO-NC > NiO-NPs > CuO-NPs. The highest degradation potential shown by the nanocomposite was attributed to its large surface area, small particles size, and quick reactions which were proved by advance analytical techniques. The equilibrium and kinetic adsorption of RR-2 and OII on NiO-NPs, CuO-NPs, and NiO/CuO-NC were well explained with Langmuir and Pseudo second order model, respectively (R2 ≥ 0.96). The maximum RR-2 adsorption (103 mg/g) was obtained with NiO/CuO-NC. It is concluded that nanocomposites are more efficient and promising for the dyes degradation from industrial wastewater as compared with dyes adsorption onto individual NPs. Thus, the nanocomposite NiO/CuO-NC can be an excellent candidate for photodegradation as well as the adsorption of the dyes in aqueous media.https://peerj.com/articles/14358.pdfMetal oxides nanocompositePhotocatalysisAdsorptionAzo dyes degradationFreundlich modelLangmuir model |
| spellingShingle | Hajra Ahsan Muhammad Shahid Muhammad Imran Faisal Mahmood Muhammad Hussnain Siddique Hayssam M. Ali Muhammad B.K. Niazi Sabir Hussain Muhammad Shahbaz Mudassar Ayyub Tanvir Shahzad Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium PeerJ Metal oxides nanocomposite Photocatalysis Adsorption Azo dyes degradation Freundlich model Langmuir model |
| title | Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium |
| title_full | Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium |
| title_short | Photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium |
| title_sort | photocatalysis and adsorption kinetics of azo dyes by nanoparticles of nickel oxide and copper oxide and their nanocomposite in an aqueous medium |
| topic | Metal oxides nanocomposite Photocatalysis Adsorption Azo dyes degradation Freundlich model Langmuir model |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/14358.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hajraahsan photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT muhammadshahid photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT muhammadimran photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT faisalmahmood photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT muhammadhussnainsiddique photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT hayssammali photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT muhammadbkniazi photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT sabirhussain photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT muhammadshahbaz photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT mudassarayyub photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium AT tanvirshahzad photocatalysisandadsorptionkineticsofazodyesbynanoparticlesofnickeloxideandcopperoxideandtheirnanocompositeinanaqueousmedium |