Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
With the increasing incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the aging of the population, sarcopenia is attracting attention as one of the pathological conditions involved in the development and progression of NAFLD. In NAFLD, sarcopenia is closely associated with insulin resistanc...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/891 |
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| author | Michihiro Iwaki Takashi Kobayashi Asako Nogami Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima Masato Yoneda |
| author_facet | Michihiro Iwaki Takashi Kobayashi Asako Nogami Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima Masato Yoneda |
| author_sort | Michihiro Iwaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the increasing incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the aging of the population, sarcopenia is attracting attention as one of the pathological conditions involved in the development and progression of NAFLD. In NAFLD, sarcopenia is closely associated with insulin resistance and results from the atrophy of skeletal muscle, an insulin target organ. In addition, inflammatory cytokines that promote skeletal muscle protein breakdown, low adiponectin levels leading to decreased insulin sensitivity, and hyperleptinemia are also involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. The presence of sarcopenia is a prognostic factor and increases the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and post-treatment liver cancer. Sarcopenia, the presence of which mainly occurs due to decreased muscle mass, combined with increased visceral fat, can lead to sarcopenia-associated obesity, which increases the risk of NASH, liver fibrosis, and cardiovascular disease. In order to treat sarcopenia, it is necessary to properly evaluate sarcopenia status. Patients with high BMI, as in sarcopenic obesity, may improve with caloric restriction. However, inadequate oral intake may lead to further loss of muscle mass. Aerobic and resistance exercise should also be used appropriately. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-397672d52d2f48f1a336195e36b4a495 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-397672d52d2f48f1a336195e36b4a4952023-11-16T22:30:23ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-02-0115489110.3390/nu15040891Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseMichihiro Iwaki0Takashi Kobayashi1Asako Nogami2Satoru Saito3Atsushi Nakajima4Masato Yoneda5Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, JapanWith the increasing incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the aging of the population, sarcopenia is attracting attention as one of the pathological conditions involved in the development and progression of NAFLD. In NAFLD, sarcopenia is closely associated with insulin resistance and results from the atrophy of skeletal muscle, an insulin target organ. In addition, inflammatory cytokines that promote skeletal muscle protein breakdown, low adiponectin levels leading to decreased insulin sensitivity, and hyperleptinemia are also involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. The presence of sarcopenia is a prognostic factor and increases the risk of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and post-treatment liver cancer. Sarcopenia, the presence of which mainly occurs due to decreased muscle mass, combined with increased visceral fat, can lead to sarcopenia-associated obesity, which increases the risk of NASH, liver fibrosis, and cardiovascular disease. In order to treat sarcopenia, it is necessary to properly evaluate sarcopenia status. Patients with high BMI, as in sarcopenic obesity, may improve with caloric restriction. However, inadequate oral intake may lead to further loss of muscle mass. Aerobic and resistance exercise should also be used appropriately.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/891non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 1sarcopenia 2non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 3sarcopenia-associated obesity 4 |
| spellingShingle | Michihiro Iwaki Takashi Kobayashi Asako Nogami Satoru Saito Atsushi Nakajima Masato Yoneda Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Nutrients non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 1 sarcopenia 2 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 3 sarcopenia-associated obesity 4 |
| title | Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
| title_full | Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
| title_short | Impact of Sarcopenia on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
| title_sort | impact of sarcopenia on non alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| topic | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 1 sarcopenia 2 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 3 sarcopenia-associated obesity 4 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/891 |
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