Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study
Given the substantial economic damage caused by the continual circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks since 2003, identifying high-risk locations associated with HPAI infections is essential. In this study, using affected and unaffected poultry farms’ locations during an HP...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/3/135 |
| _version_ | 1797441002510745600 |
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| author | Saleem Ahmad Kye-Young Koh Dae-Sung Yoo Jae-Il Lee |
| author_facet | Saleem Ahmad Kye-Young Koh Dae-Sung Yoo Jae-Il Lee |
| author_sort | Saleem Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Given the substantial economic damage caused by the continual circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks since 2003, identifying high-risk locations associated with HPAI infections is essential. In this study, using affected and unaffected poultry farms’ locations during an HPAI H5N6 epidemic in South Korea, we identified places where clusters of HPAI cases were found. Hotspots were defined as regions having clusters of HPAI cases. With the help of the statistical computer program R, a kernel density estimate and a spatial scan statistic were employed for this purpose. A kernel density estimate and detection of significant clusters through a spatial scan statistic both showed that districts in the Chungcheongbuk-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Jeollanam-do provinces are more vulnerable to HPAI outbreaks. Prior to the migration season, high-risk districts should implement particular biosecurity measures. High biosecurity measures, as well as improving the cleanliness of the poultry environment, would undoubtedly aid in the prevention of HPAIV transmission to poultry farms in these high-risk regions of South Korea. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:17:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3981a95c34ed476ab62c37481df3a25e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:17:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3981a95c34ed476ab62c37481df3a25e2023-11-30T22:44:39ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812022-03-019313510.3390/vetsci9030135Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control StudySaleem Ahmad0Kye-Young Koh1Dae-Sung Yoo2Jae-Il Lee3Veterinary Public Health Lab, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, KoreaVeterinary Public Health Lab, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, KoreaAnimal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, KoreaVeterinary Public Health Lab, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, KoreaGiven the substantial economic damage caused by the continual circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks since 2003, identifying high-risk locations associated with HPAI infections is essential. In this study, using affected and unaffected poultry farms’ locations during an HPAI H5N6 epidemic in South Korea, we identified places where clusters of HPAI cases were found. Hotspots were defined as regions having clusters of HPAI cases. With the help of the statistical computer program R, a kernel density estimate and a spatial scan statistic were employed for this purpose. A kernel density estimate and detection of significant clusters through a spatial scan statistic both showed that districts in the Chungcheongbuk-do, Jeollabuk-do, and Jeollanam-do provinces are more vulnerable to HPAI outbreaks. Prior to the migration season, high-risk districts should implement particular biosecurity measures. High biosecurity measures, as well as improving the cleanliness of the poultry environment, would undoubtedly aid in the prevention of HPAIV transmission to poultry farms in these high-risk regions of South Korea.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/3/135highly pathogenic avian influenzahotspotskernel density estimatespatial scan statisticclusters |
| spellingShingle | Saleem Ahmad Kye-Young Koh Dae-Sung Yoo Jae-Il Lee Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study Veterinary Sciences highly pathogenic avian influenza hotspots kernel density estimate spatial scan statistic clusters |
| title | Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study |
| title_full | Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study |
| title_short | Spatial Variation in Risk for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Subtype H5N6 Viral Infections in South Korea: Poultry Population-Based Case–Control Study |
| title_sort | spatial variation in risk for highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype h5n6 viral infections in south korea poultry population based case control study |
| topic | highly pathogenic avian influenza hotspots kernel density estimate spatial scan statistic clusters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/3/135 |
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