Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry
Abstract Background Strength testing of the serratus anterior muscle with hand held dynamometry (HDD) in supine subjects has low reproducibility, and is influenced by compensatory activity of other muscles like the pectoralis major and upper trapezius. Previously, two manual maximum voluntary isomet...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2019-08-01
|
| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-019-2741-7 |
| _version_ | 1819104594633949184 |
|---|---|
| author | Jos IJspeert Hans C. J. W. Kerstens Renske M. J. Janssen Alexander C. H. Geurts Nens van Alfen Jan T. Groothuis |
| author_facet | Jos IJspeert Hans C. J. W. Kerstens Renske M. J. Janssen Alexander C. H. Geurts Nens van Alfen Jan T. Groothuis |
| author_sort | Jos IJspeert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Strength testing of the serratus anterior muscle with hand held dynamometry (HDD) in supine subjects has low reproducibility, and is influenced by compensatory activity of other muscles like the pectoralis major and upper trapezius. Previously, two manual maximum voluntary isometric contraction tests of the serratus anterior muscle were reported that recruited optimal surface electromyography (sEMG) activity in a sitting position. We adapted three manual muscle tests to make them suitable for HHD and investigated their validity and reliability. Methods Twenty-one healthy adults were examined by two assessors in one supine and two seated positions. Each test was repeated twice. Construct validity was determined by evaluating force production (assessed with HHD) in relation to sEMG of the serratus anterior, upper trapezius and pectoralis major muscles, comparing the three test positions. Intra- and interrater reliability were determined by calculating intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) smallest detectable change (SDC) and standard error of measurement (SEM). Results Serratus anterior muscle sEMG activity was most isolated in a seated position with the humerus in 90° anteflexion in the scapular plane. This resulted in the lowest measured force levels in this position with a mean force of 296 N (SEM 15.8 N). Intrarater reliability yielded an ICC of 0.658 (95% CI 0.325; 0.846) and an interrater reliability of 0.277 (95% CI -0.089;0.605). SDC was 127 Newton, SEM 45.8 Newton. Conclusion The results indicate that validity for strength testing of the serratus anterior muscle is optimal with subjects in a seated position and the shoulder flexed at 90° in the scapular plane. Intrarater reliability is moderate and interrater reliability of this procedure is poor. However the high SDC values make it difficult to use the measurement in repeated measurements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T02:08:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39a9c323116743efa35d5b75bc435ca9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T02:08:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-39a9c323116743efa35d5b75bc435ca92022-12-21T18:42:27ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742019-08-012011810.1186/s12891-019-2741-7Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometryJos IJspeert0Hans C. J. W. Kerstens1Renske M. J. Janssen2Alexander C. H. Geurts3Nens van Alfen4Jan T. Groothuis5Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of paramedical studies, HAN University of Applied SciencesDepartment of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CenterAbstract Background Strength testing of the serratus anterior muscle with hand held dynamometry (HDD) in supine subjects has low reproducibility, and is influenced by compensatory activity of other muscles like the pectoralis major and upper trapezius. Previously, two manual maximum voluntary isometric contraction tests of the serratus anterior muscle were reported that recruited optimal surface electromyography (sEMG) activity in a sitting position. We adapted three manual muscle tests to make them suitable for HHD and investigated their validity and reliability. Methods Twenty-one healthy adults were examined by two assessors in one supine and two seated positions. Each test was repeated twice. Construct validity was determined by evaluating force production (assessed with HHD) in relation to sEMG of the serratus anterior, upper trapezius and pectoralis major muscles, comparing the three test positions. Intra- and interrater reliability were determined by calculating intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) smallest detectable change (SDC) and standard error of measurement (SEM). Results Serratus anterior muscle sEMG activity was most isolated in a seated position with the humerus in 90° anteflexion in the scapular plane. This resulted in the lowest measured force levels in this position with a mean force of 296 N (SEM 15.8 N). Intrarater reliability yielded an ICC of 0.658 (95% CI 0.325; 0.846) and an interrater reliability of 0.277 (95% CI -0.089;0.605). SDC was 127 Newton, SEM 45.8 Newton. Conclusion The results indicate that validity for strength testing of the serratus anterior muscle is optimal with subjects in a seated position and the shoulder flexed at 90° in the scapular plane. Intrarater reliability is moderate and interrater reliability of this procedure is poor. However the high SDC values make it difficult to use the measurement in repeated measurements.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-019-2741-7Muscle strength dynamometerStrength testingReproducibility of resultsSerratus anteriorScapula |
| spellingShingle | Jos IJspeert Hans C. J. W. Kerstens Renske M. J. Janssen Alexander C. H. Geurts Nens van Alfen Jan T. Groothuis Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Muscle strength dynamometer Strength testing Reproducibility of results Serratus anterior Scapula |
| title | Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry |
| title_full | Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry |
| title_fullStr | Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry |
| title_short | Validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry |
| title_sort | validity and reliability of serratus anterior hand held dynamometry |
| topic | Muscle strength dynamometer Strength testing Reproducibility of results Serratus anterior Scapula |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-019-2741-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT josijspeert validityandreliabilityofserratusanteriorhandhelddynamometry AT hanscjwkerstens validityandreliabilityofserratusanteriorhandhelddynamometry AT renskemjjanssen validityandreliabilityofserratusanteriorhandhelddynamometry AT alexanderchgeurts validityandreliabilityofserratusanteriorhandhelddynamometry AT nensvanalfen validityandreliabilityofserratusanteriorhandhelddynamometry AT jantgroothuis validityandreliabilityofserratusanteriorhandhelddynamometry |