Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns
Trypanosoma cruzi is the protozoan unicellular parasite that causes Chagas disease. It can be transmitted from infected mothers to their babies via the connatal route, thus being able to perpetuate even in the absence of Triatomine insect vectors. Chagas disease was originally endemic in Central and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01250/full |
| _version_ | 1818247706417561600 |
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| author | Patricia L. Bustos Natalia Milduberger Natalia Milduberger Bibiana J. Volta Alina E. Perrone Susana A. Laucella Jacqueline Bua Jacqueline Bua |
| author_facet | Patricia L. Bustos Natalia Milduberger Natalia Milduberger Bibiana J. Volta Alina E. Perrone Susana A. Laucella Jacqueline Bua Jacqueline Bua |
| author_sort | Patricia L. Bustos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trypanosoma cruzi is the protozoan unicellular parasite that causes Chagas disease. It can be transmitted from infected mothers to their babies via the connatal route, thus being able to perpetuate even in the absence of Triatomine insect vectors. Chagas disease was originally endemic in Central and South America, but migration of infected women of childbearing age has spread the T. cruzi congenital infection to non-endemic areas like North America, Europe, Japan, and Australia. Currently, 7 million people are affected by this infection worldwide. This review focuses on the relevance of the T. cruzi parasite levels in different aspects of the congenital T. cruzi infection such as the mother-to-child transmission rate, the maternal and fetal immune response, and its impact on the diagnosis of infected newborns. Improvements in detection of this parasite, with tools that can be easily adapted to be used in remote rural areas, will make the early diagnosis of infected children possible, allowing a prompt trypanocidal treatment and avoiding the current loss of opportunities for the diagnosis of 100% of T. cruzi congenitally infected infants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T15:08:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39bc0f0ceb2d4bb0a25844c9779b8628 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T15:08:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-39bc0f0ceb2d4bb0a25844c9779b86282022-12-22T00:20:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2019-06-011010.3389/fmicb.2019.01250454171Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected NewbornsPatricia L. Bustos0Natalia Milduberger1Natalia Milduberger2Bibiana J. Volta3Alina E. Perrone4Susana A. Laucella5Jacqueline Bua6Jacqueline Bua7Instituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben” – ANLIS C. G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben” – ANLIS C. G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaCentro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben” – ANLIS C. G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben” – ANLIS C. G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben” – ANLIS C. G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben” – ANLIS C. G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaCentro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaTrypanosoma cruzi is the protozoan unicellular parasite that causes Chagas disease. It can be transmitted from infected mothers to their babies via the connatal route, thus being able to perpetuate even in the absence of Triatomine insect vectors. Chagas disease was originally endemic in Central and South America, but migration of infected women of childbearing age has spread the T. cruzi congenital infection to non-endemic areas like North America, Europe, Japan, and Australia. Currently, 7 million people are affected by this infection worldwide. This review focuses on the relevance of the T. cruzi parasite levels in different aspects of the congenital T. cruzi infection such as the mother-to-child transmission rate, the maternal and fetal immune response, and its impact on the diagnosis of infected newborns. Improvements in detection of this parasite, with tools that can be easily adapted to be used in remote rural areas, will make the early diagnosis of infected children possible, allowing a prompt trypanocidal treatment and avoiding the current loss of opportunities for the diagnosis of 100% of T. cruzi congenitally infected infants.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01250/fullTrypanosoma cruzimother-to-child transmissionparasitemiainfected pregnant womencongenitally infected infantsearly diagnosis |
| spellingShingle | Patricia L. Bustos Natalia Milduberger Natalia Milduberger Bibiana J. Volta Alina E. Perrone Susana A. Laucella Jacqueline Bua Jacqueline Bua Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns Frontiers in Microbiology Trypanosoma cruzi mother-to-child transmission parasitemia infected pregnant women congenitally infected infants early diagnosis |
| title | Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns |
| title_full | Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns |
| title_fullStr | Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns |
| title_short | Trypanosoma cruzi Infection at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Implications of Parasite Load in the Congenital Transmission and Challenges in the Diagnosis of Infected Newborns |
| title_sort | trypanosoma cruzi infection at the maternal fetal interface implications of parasite load in the congenital transmission and challenges in the diagnosis of infected newborns |
| topic | Trypanosoma cruzi mother-to-child transmission parasitemia infected pregnant women congenitally infected infants early diagnosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01250/full |
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