Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release
Pyroelectrics are a wide class of materials that change their polarization when the system temperature varies. This effect is utilized for a number of different commercial and industrial applications ranging from simple thermal sensors and laser interferometers to water vapor harvesting. Electron pa...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8426 |
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| author | Anatoly R. Melnikov Samat B. Zikirin Evgeny V. Kalneus Vladimir I. Ivannikov Yuri A. Grishin Oleg A. Anisimov |
| author_facet | Anatoly R. Melnikov Samat B. Zikirin Evgeny V. Kalneus Vladimir I. Ivannikov Yuri A. Grishin Oleg A. Anisimov |
| author_sort | Anatoly R. Melnikov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pyroelectrics are a wide class of materials that change their polarization when the system temperature varies. This effect is utilized for a number of different commercial and industrial applications ranging from simple thermal sensors and laser interferometers to water vapor harvesting. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying the structure and dynamics of materials with unpaired electrons. Since heating accompanies a resonant change of the orientation of electron spins in an external magnetic field, pyroelectrics can be utilized as versatile detectors for so-called indirect detection of the EPR signal. In this work, we investigated three different types of PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) standard pyroelectric films with indium tin oxide, Cu/Ni, and Au coatings to determine their sensitivity for detecting EPR signals. All the films were shown to be able to detect the EPR spectra of about 1 μg of a standard stable free radical by heat release. A comparative study based on the calculation of the noise-equivalent power and specific detectivity from experimental spectra showed that the Au coated PVDF film is the most promising active element for measuring the EPR signal. Using the best achieved sensitivity, estimation is given whether this is sufficient for using a PVDF-based pyrodetector for indirectly detecting EPR spectra by recombination heat release or not. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39be0b78cbb747a6bddab39ef732727a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-39be0b78cbb747a6bddab39ef732727a2023-11-23T10:31:19ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-12-012124842610.3390/s21248426Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat ReleaseAnatoly R. Melnikov0Samat B. Zikirin1Evgeny V. Kalneus2Vladimir I. Ivannikov3Yuri A. Grishin4Oleg A. Anisimov5Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaVoevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaVoevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaVoevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaVoevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaVoevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaPyroelectrics are a wide class of materials that change their polarization when the system temperature varies. This effect is utilized for a number of different commercial and industrial applications ranging from simple thermal sensors and laser interferometers to water vapor harvesting. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying the structure and dynamics of materials with unpaired electrons. Since heating accompanies a resonant change of the orientation of electron spins in an external magnetic field, pyroelectrics can be utilized as versatile detectors for so-called indirect detection of the EPR signal. In this work, we investigated three different types of PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) standard pyroelectric films with indium tin oxide, Cu/Ni, and Au coatings to determine their sensitivity for detecting EPR signals. All the films were shown to be able to detect the EPR spectra of about 1 μg of a standard stable free radical by heat release. A comparative study based on the calculation of the noise-equivalent power and specific detectivity from experimental spectra showed that the Au coated PVDF film is the most promising active element for measuring the EPR signal. Using the best achieved sensitivity, estimation is given whether this is sufficient for using a PVDF-based pyrodetector for indirectly detecting EPR spectra by recombination heat release or not.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8426pyroelectric sensorsPVDFelectron paramagnetic resonancereaction yield detected magnetic resonanceindirect detection of electron paramagnetic resonanceDPPH |
| spellingShingle | Anatoly R. Melnikov Samat B. Zikirin Evgeny V. Kalneus Vladimir I. Ivannikov Yuri A. Grishin Oleg A. Anisimov Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release Sensors pyroelectric sensors PVDF electron paramagnetic resonance reaction yield detected magnetic resonance indirect detection of electron paramagnetic resonance DPPH |
| title | Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release |
| title_full | Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release |
| title_fullStr | Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release |
| title_short | Application of Pyroelectric Sensors Based on PVDF Films for EPR Spectra Detection by Heat Release |
| title_sort | application of pyroelectric sensors based on pvdf films for epr spectra detection by heat release |
| topic | pyroelectric sensors PVDF electron paramagnetic resonance reaction yield detected magnetic resonance indirect detection of electron paramagnetic resonance DPPH |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/24/8426 |
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