Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
<i>Poa annua</i> is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant <i>P. annu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2148 |
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| author | Rajesh Barua Peter Boutsalis Samuel Kleemann Jenna Malone Gurjeet Gill Christopher Preston |
| author_facet | Rajesh Barua Peter Boutsalis Samuel Kleemann Jenna Malone Gurjeet Gill Christopher Preston |
| author_sort | Rajesh Barua |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Poa annua</i> is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant <i>P. annua</i>. Four field experiments were performed in autumn and spring in golf turf to identify effective herbicide options to control multiple herbicide-resistant <i>P. annua</i>. In herbicide resistance screening, the trial site population (SA1) was found to be susceptible to amicarbazone and terbuthylazine, but resistant to simazine and metribuzin at the field rate of each herbicide. Consistent with the results of the pot study, the PSII-inhibiting herbicides amicarbazone and terbuthylazine provided the best control (80–100%) of <i>P. annua</i> in both autumn and spring trials with minimal damage to the turf. In contrast, the other two PSII-inhibiting herbicides, metribuzin and simazine, were relatively ineffective in controlling <i>P. annua</i> in the field. Indaziflam also performed well in both autumn trials and reduced <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by >75%. Pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor only provided moderate weed control in both the autumn and spring trials, reducing <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by 50%. Among the nine different herbicides, amicarbazone and terbuthylazine were found to be most effective for spring and autumn application in turf. As resistance to some PSII-inhibiting herbicides has already evolved in this field population, the use of amicarbazone and terbuthylazine needs to be integrated with other herbicide modes of action and non-chemical tactics to delay the onset of resistance to them. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:47:54Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:47:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-39ca0840dc204f54af5c5f85b611f10a2023-11-22T22:01:14ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-10-011111214810.3390/agronomy11112148Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in TurfRajesh Barua0Peter Boutsalis1Samuel Kleemann2Jenna Malone3Gurjeet Gill4Christopher Preston5School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, AustraliaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, AustraliaPlant Science Consulting, Prospect, SA 5082, AustraliaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, AustraliaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, AustraliaSchool of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia<i>Poa annua</i> is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant <i>P. annua</i>. Four field experiments were performed in autumn and spring in golf turf to identify effective herbicide options to control multiple herbicide-resistant <i>P. annua</i>. In herbicide resistance screening, the trial site population (SA1) was found to be susceptible to amicarbazone and terbuthylazine, but resistant to simazine and metribuzin at the field rate of each herbicide. Consistent with the results of the pot study, the PSII-inhibiting herbicides amicarbazone and terbuthylazine provided the best control (80–100%) of <i>P. annua</i> in both autumn and spring trials with minimal damage to the turf. In contrast, the other two PSII-inhibiting herbicides, metribuzin and simazine, were relatively ineffective in controlling <i>P. annua</i> in the field. Indaziflam also performed well in both autumn trials and reduced <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by >75%. Pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor only provided moderate weed control in both the autumn and spring trials, reducing <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by 50%. Among the nine different herbicides, amicarbazone and terbuthylazine were found to be most effective for spring and autumn application in turf. As resistance to some PSII-inhibiting herbicides has already evolved in this field population, the use of amicarbazone and terbuthylazine needs to be integrated with other herbicide modes of action and non-chemical tactics to delay the onset of resistance to them.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2148<i>Poa annua</i> L.annual bluegrassamicarbazoneterbuthylazineindaziflamweed management |
| spellingShingle | Rajesh Barua Peter Boutsalis Samuel Kleemann Jenna Malone Gurjeet Gill Christopher Preston Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf Agronomy <i>Poa annua</i> L. annual bluegrass amicarbazone terbuthylazine indaziflam weed management |
| title | Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf |
| title_full | Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf |
| title_fullStr | Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf |
| title_short | Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf |
| title_sort | alternative herbicides for controlling herbicide resistant annual bluegrass i poa annua i l in turf |
| topic | <i>Poa annua</i> L. annual bluegrass amicarbazone terbuthylazine indaziflam weed management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2148 |
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