Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors
Although radiological diagnostics have been progressing, pathological diagnosis remains the most reliable method for diagnosing liver tumors. In some cases, definite pathological diagnosis cannot be obtained by histological evaluation alone, especially when the sample is a small biopsy; in such case...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/11/5780 |
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| author | Yoshihisa Takahashi Erdenetsogt Dungubat Hiroyuki Kusano Dariimaa Ganbat Yasuhiko Tomita Sarandelger Odgerel Toshio Fukusato |
| author_facet | Yoshihisa Takahashi Erdenetsogt Dungubat Hiroyuki Kusano Dariimaa Ganbat Yasuhiko Tomita Sarandelger Odgerel Toshio Fukusato |
| author_sort | Yoshihisa Takahashi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although radiological diagnostics have been progressing, pathological diagnosis remains the most reliable method for diagnosing liver tumors. In some cases, definite pathological diagnosis cannot be obtained by histological evaluation alone, especially when the sample is a small biopsy; in such cases, immunohistochemical staining is very useful. Immunohistochemistry is the most frequently used technique for molecular pathological diagnosis due to its broad application, ease of performance and evaluation, and reasonable cost. The results occasionally reflect specific genetic mutations. The immunohistochemical markers of hepatocellular carcinoma include those of hepatocellular differentiation—such as hepatocyte paraffin 1 and arginase-1—and those of malignant hepatocytes—such as glypican-3, heat shock protein 70, and glutamine synthetase (GS). To classify the subtypes of hepatocellular adenoma, examination of several immunohistochemical markers, such as liver fatty acid-binding protein, GS, and serum amyloid A, is indispensable. Immunohistochemical staining for GS is also important for the diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia. The representative immunohistochemical markers of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK19. In this article, we provide an overview of the application of immunohistochemistry in the pathological diagnosis of liver tumors referring to the association with genetic alterations. Furthermore, we aimed to explain the practical points in the differential diagnosis of liver tumors by immunohistochemical staining. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:56:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39d7ccdb185b46f1936d971cd8a43839 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:56:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-39d7ccdb185b46f1936d971cd8a438392023-11-21T21:48:42ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-012211578010.3390/ijms22115780Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver TumorsYoshihisa Takahashi0Erdenetsogt Dungubat1Hiroyuki Kusano2Dariimaa Ganbat3Yasuhiko Tomita4Sarandelger Odgerel5Toshio Fukusato6Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, JapanDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, JapanDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, JapanDepartment of Public Health, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, JapanDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, JapanNational Pathology Center of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MongoliaGeneral Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, JapanAlthough radiological diagnostics have been progressing, pathological diagnosis remains the most reliable method for diagnosing liver tumors. In some cases, definite pathological diagnosis cannot be obtained by histological evaluation alone, especially when the sample is a small biopsy; in such cases, immunohistochemical staining is very useful. Immunohistochemistry is the most frequently used technique for molecular pathological diagnosis due to its broad application, ease of performance and evaluation, and reasonable cost. The results occasionally reflect specific genetic mutations. The immunohistochemical markers of hepatocellular carcinoma include those of hepatocellular differentiation—such as hepatocyte paraffin 1 and arginase-1—and those of malignant hepatocytes—such as glypican-3, heat shock protein 70, and glutamine synthetase (GS). To classify the subtypes of hepatocellular adenoma, examination of several immunohistochemical markers, such as liver fatty acid-binding protein, GS, and serum amyloid A, is indispensable. Immunohistochemical staining for GS is also important for the diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia. The representative immunohistochemical markers of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK19. In this article, we provide an overview of the application of immunohistochemistry in the pathological diagnosis of liver tumors referring to the association with genetic alterations. Furthermore, we aimed to explain the practical points in the differential diagnosis of liver tumors by immunohistochemical staining.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/11/5780immunohistochemical stainingliver tumorhepatocellular carcinomafocal nodular hyperplasiahepatocellular adenomaintrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
| spellingShingle | Yoshihisa Takahashi Erdenetsogt Dungubat Hiroyuki Kusano Dariimaa Ganbat Yasuhiko Tomita Sarandelger Odgerel Toshio Fukusato Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors International Journal of Molecular Sciences immunohistochemical staining liver tumor hepatocellular carcinoma focal nodular hyperplasia hepatocellular adenoma intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
| title | Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors |
| title_full | Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors |
| title_fullStr | Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors |
| title_short | Application of Immunohistochemistry in the Pathological Diagnosis of Liver Tumors |
| title_sort | application of immunohistochemistry in the pathological diagnosis of liver tumors |
| topic | immunohistochemical staining liver tumor hepatocellular carcinoma focal nodular hyperplasia hepatocellular adenoma intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/11/5780 |
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