Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops
Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) is the most consumed food in the world. The leafhopper, <i>Dalbulus maidis</i>, (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is one of the most important maize pests, and due to its direct and indirect damage, it can cause losses of up to 100%. Sampling plans are essenti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/7/1391 |
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| author | Cleovan Barbosa Pinto Daiane das Graças do Carmo Juliana Lopes dos Santos Marcelo Coutinho Picanço Filho Juliana Magalhães Soares Renato Almeida Sarmento Eraldo Lima Leandro Bacci Marcelo Coutinho Picanço |
| author_facet | Cleovan Barbosa Pinto Daiane das Graças do Carmo Juliana Lopes dos Santos Marcelo Coutinho Picanço Filho Juliana Magalhães Soares Renato Almeida Sarmento Eraldo Lima Leandro Bacci Marcelo Coutinho Picanço |
| author_sort | Cleovan Barbosa Pinto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) is the most consumed food in the world. The leafhopper, <i>Dalbulus maidis</i>, (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is one of the most important maize pests, and due to its direct and indirect damage, it can cause losses of up to 100%. Sampling plans are essential components for integrated pest management programs. The first two components to be determined in these plans are the sampling unit and the sampling technique. The sampling unit consists of determining the plant organ to be evaluated in the sampling and the techniques are the devices used to sample populations of pests in crops. Thus, the objective of this work was to select the unit and technique to be used in the sampling of <i>D. maidis</i> in maize crops. For this purpose, pest populations in plants at stages V4, V6, V8, and V10 were monitored in 16 commercial crops in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes over two years. The sample units studied were the leaves at different positions in the canopy of the plants. The techniques studied were direct counting, shaking the apex of the plants in a plastic tray and using a beating cloth. In the process of selecting the unit and technique to be used in sampling populations of pests in crops, adequate criteria must be used. These criteria include precision, representativeness, sampling time and that the use of these components in the sampling plans should not cause damage to the plants. The most suitable sampling unit for evaluating these pest populations was the whorl leaves and the best technique was the direct counting. Therefore, the unit and technique selected in this work can be used in sampling plans for <i>D. maidis</i> in maize crops. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:24:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39dd9f0e32e24b5fae28d40842aa2b3e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:24:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-39dd9f0e32e24b5fae28d40842aa2b3e2023-11-18T17:53:11ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-07-01137139110.3390/agriculture13071391Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize CropsCleovan Barbosa Pinto0Daiane das Graças do Carmo1Juliana Lopes dos Santos2Marcelo Coutinho Picanço Filho3Juliana Magalhães Soares4Renato Almeida Sarmento5Eraldo Lima6Leandro Bacci7Marcelo Coutinho Picanço8Graduate Programme in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Rede Bionorte, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas 77650-000, Tocantins, BrazilDepartment of Plant Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, BrazilGraduate Programme in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Rede Bionorte, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas 77650-000, Tocantins, BrazilDepartment of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, BrazilGraduate Programme in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Rede Bionorte, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas 77650-000, Tocantins, BrazilDepartment of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-108, Sergipe, BrazilDepartment of Plant Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, BrazilMaize (<i>Zea mays</i>) is the most consumed food in the world. The leafhopper, <i>Dalbulus maidis</i>, (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is one of the most important maize pests, and due to its direct and indirect damage, it can cause losses of up to 100%. Sampling plans are essential components for integrated pest management programs. The first two components to be determined in these plans are the sampling unit and the sampling technique. The sampling unit consists of determining the plant organ to be evaluated in the sampling and the techniques are the devices used to sample populations of pests in crops. Thus, the objective of this work was to select the unit and technique to be used in the sampling of <i>D. maidis</i> in maize crops. For this purpose, pest populations in plants at stages V4, V6, V8, and V10 were monitored in 16 commercial crops in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes over two years. The sample units studied were the leaves at different positions in the canopy of the plants. The techniques studied were direct counting, shaking the apex of the plants in a plastic tray and using a beating cloth. In the process of selecting the unit and technique to be used in sampling populations of pests in crops, adequate criteria must be used. These criteria include precision, representativeness, sampling time and that the use of these components in the sampling plans should not cause damage to the plants. The most suitable sampling unit for evaluating these pest populations was the whorl leaves and the best technique was the direct counting. Therefore, the unit and technique selected in this work can be used in sampling plans for <i>D. maidis</i> in maize crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/7/1391<i>Zea mays</i>Cicadellidaedirect countmaize whorlsampling accuracysampling time |
| spellingShingle | Cleovan Barbosa Pinto Daiane das Graças do Carmo Juliana Lopes dos Santos Marcelo Coutinho Picanço Filho Juliana Magalhães Soares Renato Almeida Sarmento Eraldo Lima Leandro Bacci Marcelo Coutinho Picanço Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops Agriculture <i>Zea mays</i> Cicadellidae direct count maize whorl sampling accuracy sampling time |
| title | Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops |
| title_full | Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops |
| title_fullStr | Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops |
| title_short | Sampling Methodology of a Key Pest: Technique and Sampling Unit for Evaluation of Leafhopper <i>Dalbulus maidis</i> Populations in Maize Crops |
| title_sort | sampling methodology of a key pest technique and sampling unit for evaluation of leafhopper i dalbulus maidis i populations in maize crops |
| topic | <i>Zea mays</i> Cicadellidae direct count maize whorl sampling accuracy sampling time |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/7/1391 |
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