CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION
BACKGROUND: Muscle injuries are a common manifestation of exercise and non-mechanical factors such as drugs, genetic defects, and systemic diseases. Despite their clinical importance, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle injury and repair are poorly understood, which hamper development of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Khyber Medical University
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Khyber Medical University Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/article/view/20319 |
| _version_ | 1827929303404249088 |
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| author | Rizwan Qaisar |
| author_facet | Rizwan Qaisar |
| author_sort | Rizwan Qaisar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Muscle injuries are a common manifestation of exercise and non-mechanical factors such as drugs, genetic defects, and systemic diseases. Despite their clinical importance, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle injury and repair are poorly understood, which hamper development of effective clinical interventions.
OBJECTIVE: This review is an attempt to recognize basic principles of skeletal muscle regeneration process.
METHODS: A thorough systematic review of articles on muscle injury and repair processes was conducted using three reliable search engines for biomedical literature as ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed.
REVIEW: Following injury, rapid activation and differentiation of satellite cells is major cellular repair process. At the molecular levels, activation of dysferlin and MG53 proteins help in building the ‘’repair cap’’ at injury site to initiate repair process. This event is followed by secretion of muscle myokines and subsequent infiltration of macrophages into muscle fibers, which remove cellular debris and activate other repair proteins and satellite cells. This review elaborates cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating these events following muscle injury. Effective therapeutic interventions to counter muscle injury-related atrophy remain elusive.
Conclusion: Altogether, this review proposes cellular and molecular targets to accelerate muscle regeneration process following mechanical and non-mechanical injuries. Further investigations are required to elucidate the pathways dictating muscle regeneration process following injury. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:20:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39e07967ef434ef3b47c772bdf9015fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-2643 2305-2651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:20:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Khyber Medical University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Khyber Medical University Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-39e07967ef434ef3b47c772bdf9015fe2023-06-09T19:18:39ZengKhyber Medical UniversityKhyber Medical University Journal2305-26432305-26512021-09-01133173810.35845/kmuj.2021.203191334CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATIONRizwan Qaisar0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8485-7172Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesBACKGROUND: Muscle injuries are a common manifestation of exercise and non-mechanical factors such as drugs, genetic defects, and systemic diseases. Despite their clinical importance, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle injury and repair are poorly understood, which hamper development of effective clinical interventions. OBJECTIVE: This review is an attempt to recognize basic principles of skeletal muscle regeneration process. METHODS: A thorough systematic review of articles on muscle injury and repair processes was conducted using three reliable search engines for biomedical literature as ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed. REVIEW: Following injury, rapid activation and differentiation of satellite cells is major cellular repair process. At the molecular levels, activation of dysferlin and MG53 proteins help in building the ‘’repair cap’’ at injury site to initiate repair process. This event is followed by secretion of muscle myokines and subsequent infiltration of macrophages into muscle fibers, which remove cellular debris and activate other repair proteins and satellite cells. This review elaborates cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating these events following muscle injury. Effective therapeutic interventions to counter muscle injury-related atrophy remain elusive. Conclusion: Altogether, this review proposes cellular and molecular targets to accelerate muscle regeneration process following mechanical and non-mechanical injuries. Further investigations are required to elucidate the pathways dictating muscle regeneration process following injury.https://www.kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/article/view/20319skeletal musclesatellite cellsregenerationmuscle injurydysferlintrim proteinsmg53myokinesinflammationmacrophagesserum amyloid a |
| spellingShingle | Rizwan Qaisar CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION Khyber Medical University Journal skeletal muscle satellite cells regeneration muscle injury dysferlin trim proteins mg53 myokines inflammation macrophages serum amyloid a |
| title | CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION |
| title_full | CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION |
| title_fullStr | CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION |
| title_full_unstemmed | CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION |
| title_short | CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE REGENERATION |
| title_sort | cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle regeneration |
| topic | skeletal muscle satellite cells regeneration muscle injury dysferlin trim proteins mg53 myokines inflammation macrophages serum amyloid a |
| url | https://www.kmuj.kmu.edu.pk/article/view/20319 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rizwanqaisar cellularandmolecularmechanismsofmuscleregeneration |