Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia
Large blocks and boulders of banded iron formations and massive hematite up to 40 × 27 × 6 m<sup>3</sup> and in excess of 10,000 metric tonnes were detached from an outcrop of the Wilgie Mia Formation during the ca 2.20 Ga marine transgression at the base of the Paleoproterozoic Windplai...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/2/213 |
| _version_ | 1797396106268639232 |
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| author | Desmond F. Lascelles Ryan J. Lowe |
| author_facet | Desmond F. Lascelles Ryan J. Lowe |
| author_sort | Desmond F. Lascelles |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Large blocks and boulders of banded iron formations and massive hematite up to 40 × 27 × 6 m<sup>3</sup> and in excess of 10,000 metric tonnes were detached from an outcrop of the Wilgie Mia Formation during the ca 2.20 Ga marine transgression at the base of the Paleoproterozoic Windplain Group and deposited in a broad band on the wave-cut surface 900 to 1200 m to the east. At the same time, sand and shingle were scoured from the sea floor, leaving remnants only on the western side of the Wilgie Mia Formation and on the eastern sides of the boulders. Evidence suggesting that the blocks were detached and transported and the sea floor scoured by a tsunami bore with a height of at least 40 m is provided by the following: (1) the deposition of the blocks indicates transportation by a unidirectional sub-horizontal force, whereas the smaller boulders are randomly oriented; (2) 900–1200 m separates the banded iron formation (BIF) outcrop and the blocks (3) there is an absence of the basal conglomerate between the blocks; (4) the blocks and boulders rest directly on the wave-cut surface of deeply weathered amphibolites; (5) the blocks and boulders are surrounded and overlain by fine-grained sandstone of the Windplain Group. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:46:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39e5a8c3567947c2a6f471ef1ec64735 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:46:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-39e5a8c3567947c2a6f471ef1ec647352023-12-11T17:29:34ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122021-02-019221310.3390/jmse9020213Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western AustraliaDesmond F. Lascelles0Ryan J. Lowe1Des Lascelles Consulting Geologist, 15 Bardfield Way, Gosnells, WA 6110, AustraliaSchool of Earth and Environment and UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaLarge blocks and boulders of banded iron formations and massive hematite up to 40 × 27 × 6 m<sup>3</sup> and in excess of 10,000 metric tonnes were detached from an outcrop of the Wilgie Mia Formation during the ca 2.20 Ga marine transgression at the base of the Paleoproterozoic Windplain Group and deposited in a broad band on the wave-cut surface 900 to 1200 m to the east. At the same time, sand and shingle were scoured from the sea floor, leaving remnants only on the western side of the Wilgie Mia Formation and on the eastern sides of the boulders. Evidence suggesting that the blocks were detached and transported and the sea floor scoured by a tsunami bore with a height of at least 40 m is provided by the following: (1) the deposition of the blocks indicates transportation by a unidirectional sub-horizontal force, whereas the smaller boulders are randomly oriented; (2) 900–1200 m separates the banded iron formation (BIF) outcrop and the blocks (3) there is an absence of the basal conglomerate between the blocks; (4) the blocks and boulders rest directly on the wave-cut surface of deeply weathered amphibolites; (5) the blocks and boulders are surrounded and overlain by fine-grained sandstone of the Windplain Group.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/2/213Paleoproterozoictsunami boulder depositmarine transgressionYilgarn CratonYerrida BasinWindplain Group |
| spellingShingle | Desmond F. Lascelles Ryan J. Lowe Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Paleoproterozoic tsunami boulder deposit marine transgression Yilgarn Craton Yerrida Basin Windplain Group |
| title | Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia |
| title_full | Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia |
| title_fullStr | Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia |
| title_short | Tsunami Deposits on a Paleoproterozoic Unconformity? The 2.2 Ga Yerrida Marine Transgression on the Northern Margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia |
| title_sort | tsunami deposits on a paleoproterozoic unconformity the 2 2 ga yerrida marine transgression on the northern margin of the yilgarn craton western australia |
| topic | Paleoproterozoic tsunami boulder deposit marine transgression Yilgarn Craton Yerrida Basin Windplain Group |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/2/213 |
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