Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults
BackgroundHomocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, while mechanisms are unclear. Despite inconsistent and limited, epidemiological and experimental studies indicated that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) affected lipid metabolism. This study aims to investigate the ass...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.898305/full |
| _version_ | 1818469152089702400 |
|---|---|
| author | Liyuan Zhou Jia Liu Yu An Ying Wang Guang Wang |
| author_facet | Liyuan Zhou Jia Liu Yu An Ying Wang Guang Wang |
| author_sort | Liyuan Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundHomocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, while mechanisms are unclear. Despite inconsistent and limited, epidemiological and experimental studies indicated that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) affected lipid metabolism. This study aims to investigate the association of plasma Hcy with traditional lipid profiles and remnant cholesterol (RC) in Chinese adults.MethodsIn total, 7,898 subjects aged 20–79 years who underwent a physical examination at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital in Beijing were included in this study. Fasting plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], Hcy, and other metabolic risk factors were measured by routine automated laboratory methods. RC was calculated as TC minus HDL-C and LDL-C. The linear regression model and logistic regression model were used to assess the relationship between Hcy and lipids after adjusting potential confounders.ResultsOf the subjects, the median level of plasma Hcy was 13.0 μmol/L and 32.3% had HHcy. Plasma Hcy was negatively associated with HDL-C, ApoA1, and Lp(a) and positively associated with TG levels after adjusting age, sex, body mass index, blood pressure, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, uric acid, and glucose. HHcy significantly increased the risk of low HDL-C [odds ratio (OR) 1.26; 95%CI (1.11–1.44); p < 0.001]. The net mediation effects of ApoA1 on the relationship between Hcy and HDL-C before and after adjusting confounders were 46.9 and 30.6%, respectively. More interestingly, the RC level was significantly elevated in subjects with HHcy after adjusting other influencing factors (p = 0.025). Hcy presented a positive correlation with RC levels after adjusting the above confounding factors (β = 0.073, p = 0.004), and the correlation was still significant even after controlling other lipids, including TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, ApoA1, ApoB, and Lp(a).ConclusionOur study showed that plasma Hcy was not only significantly associated with conventional atherogenic lipids but also independently correlated with RC levels beyond other lipids after controlling potential confounders. This finding proposes that identifying Hcy-related dyslipidemia risk, both traditional lipids and RC residual risk, is clinically relevant as we usher in a new era of targeting Hcy-lowering therapies to fight against dyslipidemia or even cardiovascular disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:20:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39e7ba0699cd4c5fa49d7199f1d4a00f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:20:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-39e7ba0699cd4c5fa49d7199f1d4a00f2022-12-22T02:29:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2022-06-01910.3389/fcvm.2022.898305898305Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in AdultsLiyuan Zhou0Jia Liu1Yu An2Ying Wang3Guang Wang4Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaMedical Examination Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundHomocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, while mechanisms are unclear. Despite inconsistent and limited, epidemiological and experimental studies indicated that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) affected lipid metabolism. This study aims to investigate the association of plasma Hcy with traditional lipid profiles and remnant cholesterol (RC) in Chinese adults.MethodsIn total, 7,898 subjects aged 20–79 years who underwent a physical examination at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital in Beijing were included in this study. Fasting plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], Hcy, and other metabolic risk factors were measured by routine automated laboratory methods. RC was calculated as TC minus HDL-C and LDL-C. The linear regression model and logistic regression model were used to assess the relationship between Hcy and lipids after adjusting potential confounders.ResultsOf the subjects, the median level of plasma Hcy was 13.0 μmol/L and 32.3% had HHcy. Plasma Hcy was negatively associated with HDL-C, ApoA1, and Lp(a) and positively associated with TG levels after adjusting age, sex, body mass index, blood pressure, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, uric acid, and glucose. HHcy significantly increased the risk of low HDL-C [odds ratio (OR) 1.26; 95%CI (1.11–1.44); p < 0.001]. The net mediation effects of ApoA1 on the relationship between Hcy and HDL-C before and after adjusting confounders were 46.9 and 30.6%, respectively. More interestingly, the RC level was significantly elevated in subjects with HHcy after adjusting other influencing factors (p = 0.025). Hcy presented a positive correlation with RC levels after adjusting the above confounding factors (β = 0.073, p = 0.004), and the correlation was still significant even after controlling other lipids, including TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, ApoA1, ApoB, and Lp(a).ConclusionOur study showed that plasma Hcy was not only significantly associated with conventional atherogenic lipids but also independently correlated with RC levels beyond other lipids after controlling potential confounders. This finding proposes that identifying Hcy-related dyslipidemia risk, both traditional lipids and RC residual risk, is clinically relevant as we usher in a new era of targeting Hcy-lowering therapies to fight against dyslipidemia or even cardiovascular disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.898305/fullhomocysteinehigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolapolipoprotein A1triglycerideremnant cholesterolChinese adults |
| spellingShingle | Liyuan Zhou Jia Liu Yu An Ying Wang Guang Wang Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine homocysteine high-density lipoprotein cholesterol apolipoprotein A1 triglyceride remnant cholesterol Chinese adults |
| title | Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults |
| title_full | Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults |
| title_fullStr | Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults |
| title_short | Plasma Homocysteine Level Is Independently Associated With Conventional Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Remnant Cholesterol in Adults |
| title_sort | plasma homocysteine level is independently associated with conventional atherogenic lipid profile and remnant cholesterol in adults |
| topic | homocysteine high-density lipoprotein cholesterol apolipoprotein A1 triglyceride remnant cholesterol Chinese adults |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.898305/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT liyuanzhou plasmahomocysteinelevelisindependentlyassociatedwithconventionalatherogeniclipidprofileandremnantcholesterolinadults AT jialiu plasmahomocysteinelevelisindependentlyassociatedwithconventionalatherogeniclipidprofileandremnantcholesterolinadults AT yuan plasmahomocysteinelevelisindependentlyassociatedwithconventionalatherogeniclipidprofileandremnantcholesterolinadults AT yingwang plasmahomocysteinelevelisindependentlyassociatedwithconventionalatherogeniclipidprofileandremnantcholesterolinadults AT guangwang plasmahomocysteinelevelisindependentlyassociatedwithconventionalatherogeniclipidprofileandremnantcholesterolinadults |