Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector
Abstract Background Dengue has become the subject of public health programs worldwide. The lack of a vaccine and the high environmental risk of synthetic insecticides, arouse the interest in natural products against this vector. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2015-03-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0746-0 |
| _version_ | 1827933753912066048 |
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| author | Drielle L A Pratti Alessandro C Ramos Rodrigo Scherer Zilma M A Cruz Ary G Silva |
| author_facet | Drielle L A Pratti Alessandro C Ramos Rodrigo Scherer Zilma M A Cruz Ary G Silva |
| author_sort | Drielle L A Pratti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Dengue has become the subject of public health programs worldwide. The lack of a vaccine and the high environmental risk of synthetic insecticides, arouse the interest in natural products against this vector. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of ripe fruits and seeds of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi; to evaluate the essential oil effect on mortality of Stegomyia aegypti (Linnaeus, 1792) larvae; and to characterize the structural damage suffered by larvae and their association with different contents of essential oil. Methods Ripe fruits and seeds were crunched and their essential oil was extracted through hydrodistillation, purified, and its phytochemical analysis was carried out through High Resolution Gas Chromatography, coupled with Mass Spectrometry. This essential oil was diluted in a 10-point gradient of 86.22 – 862.20 ppm, at regular intervals of 86.22 ppm. Each point received 50 larvae and the assessments of surviving were made at 24, 48 and 72 hours after inoculation. Structural damage was assessed through measurements of thickness with exoskeleton, evaluating the integrity of the head, thorax, abdominal segments, and air siphon, using ImageJ® software. Statistical data analysis was carried out through Logistic Regression and Discriminant Analysis. Results 56 substances were identified, corresponding to 81.67% of the essential oil composition. Larvae were dose-dependent susceptible to the essential oil; the concentration produced a significant effect on larval mortality. Among the major deformations found in the larvae, it was detected inhibition of chitin synthesis by the activity of the oil, thus reducing the deposition of cuticle layers. Conclusion The essential oil caused death in exposed larvae after 72 hours, in a dose-dependent manner. It also changed the structure of exposed larvae, indicating a direct effect on larval exoskeleton. The results open up possibilities for the use of natural products as an alternative to control dipterans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:29:15Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:29:15Z |
| publishDate | 2015-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-39f4fa8de2d940d6a73ceb6e1c3abf012023-06-04T11:11:22ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052015-03-018111010.1186/s13071-015-0746-0Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vectorDrielle L A Pratti0Alessandro C Ramos1Rodrigo Scherer2Zilma M A Cruz3Ary G Silva4Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Vila Velha – UVVPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Vila Velha – UVVPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Vila Velha – UVVPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Universidade Vila Velha – UVVPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Universidade Vila Velha – UVVAbstract Background Dengue has become the subject of public health programs worldwide. The lack of a vaccine and the high environmental risk of synthetic insecticides, arouse the interest in natural products against this vector. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of ripe fruits and seeds of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi; to evaluate the essential oil effect on mortality of Stegomyia aegypti (Linnaeus, 1792) larvae; and to characterize the structural damage suffered by larvae and their association with different contents of essential oil. Methods Ripe fruits and seeds were crunched and their essential oil was extracted through hydrodistillation, purified, and its phytochemical analysis was carried out through High Resolution Gas Chromatography, coupled with Mass Spectrometry. This essential oil was diluted in a 10-point gradient of 86.22 – 862.20 ppm, at regular intervals of 86.22 ppm. Each point received 50 larvae and the assessments of surviving were made at 24, 48 and 72 hours after inoculation. Structural damage was assessed through measurements of thickness with exoskeleton, evaluating the integrity of the head, thorax, abdominal segments, and air siphon, using ImageJ® software. Statistical data analysis was carried out through Logistic Regression and Discriminant Analysis. Results 56 substances were identified, corresponding to 81.67% of the essential oil composition. Larvae were dose-dependent susceptible to the essential oil; the concentration produced a significant effect on larval mortality. Among the major deformations found in the larvae, it was detected inhibition of chitin synthesis by the activity of the oil, thus reducing the deposition of cuticle layers. Conclusion The essential oil caused death in exposed larvae after 72 hours, in a dose-dependent manner. It also changed the structure of exposed larvae, indicating a direct effect on larval exoskeleton. The results open up possibilities for the use of natural products as an alternative to control dipterans.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0746-0AroeiraChristmas berryLarvicideAedesCullicidaeAnacardiaceae |
| spellingShingle | Drielle L A Pratti Alessandro C Ramos Rodrigo Scherer Zilma M A Cruz Ary G Silva Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector Parasites & Vectors Aroeira Christmas berry Larvicide Aedes Cullicidae Anacardiaceae |
| title | Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector |
| title_full | Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector |
| title_fullStr | Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector |
| title_short | Mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolia, on larvae of Stegomyia aegypti, the dengue vector |
| title_sort | mechanistic basis for morphological damage induced by essential oil from brazilian pepper tree schinus terebinthifolia on larvae of stegomyia aegypti the dengue vector |
| topic | Aroeira Christmas berry Larvicide Aedes Cullicidae Anacardiaceae |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0746-0 |
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