The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK
Introduction. Rapeseed is a facultative autogamous plant; its percentage of cross-pollination is 10–50%, so rapeseed breeding engages the line and population breeding methods as well as the development of hybrids and all innovative research approaches.Material and methods. Among the main techniques...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/465 |
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| author | L. A. Gorlova E. B. Bochkaryova E. A. Strelnikov V. V. Serdyuk |
| author_facet | L. A. Gorlova E. B. Bochkaryova E. A. Strelnikov V. V. Serdyuk |
| author_sort | L. A. Gorlova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction. Rapeseed is a facultative autogamous plant; its percentage of cross-pollination is 10–50%, so rapeseed breeding engages the line and population breeding methods as well as the development of hybrids and all innovative research approaches.Material and methods. Among the main techniques used for the development of parent material and, eventually, cultivars at the Pustovoit Institute (VNIIMK) is the pedigree method (individual selection from intraspecific and interspecific hybrid populations, combined with inbreeding). Physical and chemical mutagenesis is also employed in rapeseed breeding at VNIIMK. The material with yellow-colored seed coat has been obtained by exposing rapeseed seeds to various doses of gamma rays (50, 100 and 150 kR). Seed treatment with chemical mutagens is primarily aimed at changing the fatty acid composition of oil.Results. Breeding achievements for winter and spring rapeseed, registered by VNIIMK in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation over the past 15 years, are highly productive line cultivars with a seed yield of 4–5 t/ha for winter rapeseed, and 2–3 t/ha for spring rapeseed. Promising experimental interline hybrids, significantly exceeding the reference in seed yield (by 1.61–2.26 t/ha), have been developed. Yellowseeded lines, which exceed the black-seeded reference cv. ‘Tavrion’ in seed yield by 0.08–0.15 t/ha, have been selected. We developed the material with an oleic acid level of 78.9–80.5%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:11:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-39f5bbfacc564c28b8ee77dbd9234093 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-8834 2619-0982 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-16T05:55:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции |
| spelling | doaj.art-39f5bbfacc564c28b8ee77dbd92340932025-02-03T08:31:12ZengN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции2227-88342619-09822020-01-01180412613110.30901/2227-8834-2019-4-126-131399The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMKL. A. Gorlova0E. B. Bochkaryova1E. A. Strelnikov2V. V. Serdyuk3V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK)V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK)V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK)V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK)Introduction. Rapeseed is a facultative autogamous plant; its percentage of cross-pollination is 10–50%, so rapeseed breeding engages the line and population breeding methods as well as the development of hybrids and all innovative research approaches.Material and methods. Among the main techniques used for the development of parent material and, eventually, cultivars at the Pustovoit Institute (VNIIMK) is the pedigree method (individual selection from intraspecific and interspecific hybrid populations, combined with inbreeding). Physical and chemical mutagenesis is also employed in rapeseed breeding at VNIIMK. The material with yellow-colored seed coat has been obtained by exposing rapeseed seeds to various doses of gamma rays (50, 100 and 150 kR). Seed treatment with chemical mutagens is primarily aimed at changing the fatty acid composition of oil.Results. Breeding achievements for winter and spring rapeseed, registered by VNIIMK in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation over the past 15 years, are highly productive line cultivars with a seed yield of 4–5 t/ha for winter rapeseed, and 2–3 t/ha for spring rapeseed. Promising experimental interline hybrids, significantly exceeding the reference in seed yield (by 1.61–2.26 t/ha), have been developed. Yellowseeded lines, which exceed the black-seeded reference cv. ‘Tavrion’ in seed yield by 0.08–0.15 t/ha, have been selected. We developed the material with an oleic acid level of 78.9–80.5%.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/465pedigree methodintraspecific hybridizationinterspecific hybridizationinbreedingmutagenesisdihaploidsproductivityoleic acidyellow seed |
| spellingShingle | L. A. Gorlova E. B. Bochkaryova E. A. Strelnikov V. V. Serdyuk The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции pedigree method intraspecific hybridization interspecific hybridization inbreeding mutagenesis dihaploids productivity oleic acid yellow seed |
| title | The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK |
| title_full | The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK |
| title_fullStr | The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK |
| title_full_unstemmed | The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK |
| title_short | The use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed (Brassica napus) breeding at VNIIMK |
| title_sort | use of classical and modern methods in rapeseed brassica napus breeding at vniimk |
| topic | pedigree method intraspecific hybridization interspecific hybridization inbreeding mutagenesis dihaploids productivity oleic acid yellow seed |
| url | https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/465 |
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