Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent
The objective of this study is to analyze and visualize the spatial distribution of trends for 74 climate indices on a monthly time-scale in direction, magnitude, and significance level at a resolution of 0.1° during the period of 1950–2021 over the European region. The Mann–Kendall and Sen's s...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water and Climate Change |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/14/9/3112 |
| _version_ | 1797202732995575808 |
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| author | Smit Chetan Doshi Gerrit Lohmann Norel Rimbu Monica Ionita |
| author_facet | Smit Chetan Doshi Gerrit Lohmann Norel Rimbu Monica Ionita |
| author_sort | Smit Chetan Doshi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study is to analyze and visualize the spatial distribution of trends for 74 climate indices on a monthly time-scale in direction, magnitude, and significance level at a resolution of 0.1° during the period of 1950–2021 over the European region. The Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope estimators reveal that growing degree days with mean air temperature >4 °C (gd4) and heating degree days with mean air temperature <17 °C (hd17) show the largest increase (0.93 °C August) and decrease (1.03 °C July), respectively. The universal thermal climate index (utci), relative humidity (rh), wind chill index (wci), global radiation (bio20), and potential evapotranspiration (pet) are of significant importance due to higher correlation and magnitude of change. Country-specific zoning shows the highest warmer days during August experienced by Bosnia and Herzegovina (southeastern Europe) and lower colder days during January by Belarus (eastern Europe). High wind and high utci were experienced by Liechtenstein (southeastern Europe) region during July. The highest wci was experienced by San Marino (southern Europe) in June and Portugal (southern Europe) in March. Bio20 and rh decline were experienced by Russia (eastern Europe) and Moldova (southeastern Europe) in May and September, respectively. Results are useful to mitigate the risk associated with each of the climate indices for specific European regions.
HIGHLIGHTS
Trend analysis of 74 climate indices in Europe using Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope.;
Correlation value of climate indices reveals patterns of annual, seasonal, and monthly tie-ups.;
Increase shifts in average temperature and warmer conditions in European regions.;
Analysis indicates small European regions are also impacted.;
Climate indices trend assessment of the most susceptible country of Europe.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:48:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3a031eb329484a599fb793c142eafc9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2040-2244 2408-9354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:08:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water and Climate Change |
| spelling | doaj.art-3a031eb329484a599fb793c142eafc9b2024-04-17T08:32:46ZengIWA PublishingJournal of Water and Climate Change2040-22442408-93542023-09-011493112313010.2166/wcc.2023.183183Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continentSmit Chetan Doshi0Gerrit Lohmann1Norel Rimbu2Monica Ionita3 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany The objective of this study is to analyze and visualize the spatial distribution of trends for 74 climate indices on a monthly time-scale in direction, magnitude, and significance level at a resolution of 0.1° during the period of 1950–2021 over the European region. The Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope estimators reveal that growing degree days with mean air temperature >4 °C (gd4) and heating degree days with mean air temperature <17 °C (hd17) show the largest increase (0.93 °C August) and decrease (1.03 °C July), respectively. The universal thermal climate index (utci), relative humidity (rh), wind chill index (wci), global radiation (bio20), and potential evapotranspiration (pet) are of significant importance due to higher correlation and magnitude of change. Country-specific zoning shows the highest warmer days during August experienced by Bosnia and Herzegovina (southeastern Europe) and lower colder days during January by Belarus (eastern Europe). High wind and high utci were experienced by Liechtenstein (southeastern Europe) region during July. The highest wci was experienced by San Marino (southern Europe) in June and Portugal (southern Europe) in March. Bio20 and rh decline were experienced by Russia (eastern Europe) and Moldova (southeastern Europe) in May and September, respectively. Results are useful to mitigate the risk associated with each of the climate indices for specific European regions. HIGHLIGHTS Trend analysis of 74 climate indices in Europe using Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope.; Correlation value of climate indices reveals patterns of annual, seasonal, and monthly tie-ups.; Increase shifts in average temperature and warmer conditions in European regions.; Analysis indicates small European regions are also impacted.; Climate indices trend assessment of the most susceptible country of Europe.;http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/14/9/3112climate indiceseuropemann–kendallsen's slopetrend analysis |
| spellingShingle | Smit Chetan Doshi Gerrit Lohmann Norel Rimbu Monica Ionita Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent Journal of Water and Climate Change climate indices europe mann–kendall sen's slope trend analysis |
| title | Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent |
| title_full | Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent |
| title_fullStr | Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent |
| title_short | Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent |
| title_sort | spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the european continent |
| topic | climate indices europe mann–kendall sen's slope trend analysis |
| url | http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/14/9/3112 |
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